256 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



sitting on his Launches or lying on his back, and will retch, 

 though vomiting is rare, unless the stomach is ruptured. If 

 the obstruction is in tlie pelvic flexure of the large bowels 

 it may be felt by the hand introduced through the rectum. 



In ruminants the preliminary colics may be followed by 

 quietude, but there remain extreme lassitude, depression, 

 sunken eye and dry hot muzzle, and even stupor or coma. 

 In cattle the hand introduced into the rectum will detect the 

 mass of the overdistended bowel above the obstruction. It 

 may also ascertain the existence of a pouch imprisoning the 

 gut in the right flank and may even pull it out and relieve. 



In dogs violent colic may be absent, but there is much de- 

 pression, inappetence, vomiting of bile or faeces, arching of 

 the back, tucking up of the belly, the passage with much 

 pain and straining of mucus-covered faeces, and later, strain- 

 ing without any passage, while the overloaded gut may 

 easily be felt through the Myalls of the belly. 



Treatment. In most cases of absolute obstruction nothing 

 can be done except to relieve the pain by anodynes (opium, 

 belladonna, stramonium, Indian hemp, etc.,) and give nutrient 

 injections. The obstruction may often be kneaded through 

 the rectum. Liquid above the obstruction may be drawn off 

 through a fine tube. Invagination, volvulus or gut-tie, when 

 their presence is ascertained in ruminants, pigs or dogs, 

 would warrant an incision through the walls of the abdomen 

 and an attempt to rectify with tlie hand. In cattle the 

 opening must always be made in the right flank, the Jeft 

 being occupied by the paunch. The wound must be after- 

 ward carefully sewed up and the animal prevented from 

 rubbing it. Out-tie may often be remedied by manipula- 

 tion with the hand in the rectum, or even by the simpler 

 expedient of jumping from a bank about two feet high, 

 though if due to adhesion of the cord to an intestine the 

 abdomen must be opened and the band cut. 



HEENIA. EUPTTJIJE. BUEST. 



Hernia is understood to mean the displacement of some 



