Diseases of the Liver. 287 



EESULTS OP BTFLAJOIATION OF THE UYEK. 



Beside recoyery there may be effiision of blood witli soft- 

 ening, granular softening abscess and fibrous induration. 

 These if not promptly fatal give rise to wasting diseases 

 with general symptoms of liver disorder, but into these 

 our space will not permit us to enter. (See the author's 

 large work.) 



GALL-STONES. BILIAET CALCULI. 



These are especially common in oxen when subject to 

 the dry feeding of winter but are found in aU domestic 

 animals, often in great numbers. They occur as round 

 masses, angular masses when they have lain in contact, or 

 as incrustations on the walls of the ducts of which they 

 form distinct casts. They often faU to cause manifest 

 disorder, but if they obstruct the ducts there is acute spas- 

 modic pain in the abdomen, with all the signs of coUc, 

 tenderness over the last ribs, and more or less jaundice. 

 The attacks are liable to recur as new calculi are displaced, 

 and the general health suffers. Carnivora vomit, and in 

 aU diarrhoea may set in if rehef is not obtained. Sheep 

 generally have incmstations when affected with flukes 

 (liver rot). 



The formation of these calculi may usually be prevented 

 in herbivora by allowing a fair amoimt of exercise and 

 succulent food, and they nearly always disappear in cattle 

 turned out on the rich grasses of spriag. Beside these meas- 

 ures their removal maybe sought by the daily use of carbon- 

 ate and sulphate of soda and common salt, with abundance 

 of good water and exercise. During the attacks give anti- 

 spasmodics, lobelia, belladonna, hyoscyamus, chloral-hy- 

 drate, etc., and keep up hot fomentations perseveringly to 

 the loins and abdomen. Chloral-hydrate and chloroform 

 dissolve cholesterine calculi. 



Other aepections op the ltvee, fatty degeneration, tuber- 

 cle, cancer, hypertrophy, atrophy, are manifested by the 

 general symptoms of liepatie disorders, but space tea-bids 

 further notice of them here. 



