416 The Farmer's Veterinary Adviser. 



pipe, and opposite the base of the heart. The lesion 

 is thus Hable to prove fatal, though if arrested early by the 

 exudation of lymph in the wound- of the lung, the air may 

 be absorbed and recovery may ensue. 



WOUNDS PENETRATING THE CHEST. 



Whether connected with broken ribs or only involving 

 the muscles between the ribs, these lead to the accumula- 

 tion of air in the chest and collapse of the lung, as when 

 a broken rib has torn the lung tissue. The edges of the 

 wound, having been driven in, act hke a valve allowing the 

 entrance of air during the expansion of the chest, but for- 

 bidding its escape when that cavity collapses. It is far 

 more serious than the accumulation of air in the chest from 

 a torn lung, as decomposition and irritation are set up by 

 the presence of germs which are filtered out in passing 

 through the lungs. Unless the wound is small and can 

 be closed early, it is necessarily fatal. 



SHOTJIiDEE LAMENESS. 



The lameness which accompanies injuries to the shoul- 

 der may be so characteristic as to be recognized at a 

 glance. The specific features are, the carrying of the head 

 low ; the dragging of the toe on the ground in advancing 

 the Hmb ; the swinging of the foot outward so as to 

 describe the are of a circle in bringing it forward ; and, if 

 severe enough, the standing with joints partly bent, the 

 heel raised and the toe resting on the ground, but without 

 any advance of the lame foot in front of the other. 



TUMOBS ON THE SHOULDER. 



Often preceded by chafing or galling, these consist of 

 inflammation and suppuration beneath the large flat 

 muscle which covers the front of the shoulder (levcdor 

 humeri). The tissues around the matter become thickened 

 and indurated to an extraordinary extent, so that it is 

 pften impossible to detect any fluctuation, yet it may be 



