420 The Farmer''s Veterinary Adviser. 



nlceration, the hot iron is most serviceable, applied round 

 the outer side of the joint only. 



OTHER APPEOTIONS OP THE SHOULDEE. 



The shoulder-blade is subject to fracture, ulceratiou 

 and necrosis ; the muscles beneath the bone to lacera- 

 tions ; the joint to dislocations (rare in large quadi'upeds) ; 

 and the lymphatic glands inside the joint to abscess (es- 

 pecially in strangles), all of which must be treated on gen- 

 eral principles, space forbidding their further notice in 

 the present work. Shoulder lameness may further arise 

 from liver disease, which see. 



AFFECTIONS OF THE ELBOW AND ARM. 

 Lameness in the region of the elbow is characterized 

 by the inabihty to extend the joint fully or to bear weight 

 upon it in this condition. In bad cases the elbow and 

 knee joints are kept semiflexed when standing still, and 

 when walking or trotting the dropping of the head and 

 body is extreme, in consequence of a similar flexion. 

 Movement of the joint will also give rise to symptoms of 

 tenderness. 



TUMOBS ON THE POINT OF THE ELBOW. 



These are usually caused by the heels of the shoe when 

 the horse lies with his fore Hmbs bent under him (cow 

 fashion) from undue narrowness of the stall. 



Symptoms. There is first a hot, tender swelling, and if 

 the source of injury is kept up, this may increase by small 

 degrees to a very large size. Soon the swelling fluctuates 

 from contained serum and it may remain thus iudefinitely, 

 the liquid being confined by the tough fibrous walls. Or 

 the serum may be absorbed leaving a hard nut-like tumor 

 with no sign of fluctuation. 



Treatment. Sooth the early inflammation by fomenta- 

 tions or a wet rug hung over the part, and keep on a soft 

 laxative diet. If the amount of serum throA\Ti out ia 



