Diseased Growths. 485 



cells, or of any cells, implying the growth of the tumor is 

 always highly suspicious. These tumors have no clearly- 

 defined limit, nor limiting sac, but grow in the natural 

 structures, drawing them into their substance and trans- 

 formiug them into a cancerous mass. Hence, a cancel 

 near the surface will often lead to a depression at first by 

 the drawiug in of the skin, and in the mammary glands 

 the drawing in of the teat is a most characteristic early 

 symptom. They are hereditary, tending to appear in the 

 offspring at the same age as in the parent. They lead to 

 early and painful swelling of the adjacent lymphatic 

 glands, of the internal lymphatic glands and of the spleen, 

 and produce or aggravate the unhealthy constitutional 

 state on which the deposition of cancer depends. If re- 

 moved, there is a great liability to the formation of cancer 

 in the same situation or some other, and especially if we 

 fail to remove the whole organ in which the disease pri- 

 marily appeared. They are more vascular, and grow 

 faster without apparent cause (mechanical injury, expos- 

 ure,) than simple tumors. Finally they contain an ex- 

 cess of albumen, and the larger the proportion of albumen, 

 of cells and granules, the more rapid is the growth and 

 the more redoubtable the result. 



The Hard Cancers (Scirrhus) are firm and crisp under 

 the knife, and from the cut surface exudes a whitish fluid 

 — cancer-juice — containing the characteristic cells and 

 granules. Soft or Brain-like Cawcer is very soft and fria- 

 ble, bleeds freely when wounded, contains a great excess 

 of cells and granules, and from its rapid growth pushes 

 existing tissues aside so as to feel more circumscribed. 

 It is the cancer of the young and of particular organs, 

 such as the eye, grows rapidly, opens early, exposing a 

 raw, unhealthy, bleeding surface, and has a short and fa- 

 tal course. It is often complicated by an extensive pro- 

 duction of black pigment (melanotic cancer). In Epithe- 

 lial Cancer the morbid product consists mainly in epithe- 

 lial cells, and it grows downward into the siibstance of the 



