THE NORSE—THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. 55 
the symptoms, the upper lip quivers; head down; anxious and sad look; legs, 
ears and mouth cold; staring coat; loss of appetite; eyes closed, or have an 
inquiring look, or become suddenly fierce; shivering skin; eyes, jaws or 
limbs become convulsed. Then there occur great restlessness; violent con- 
vulsions; wandering eyes; dread of cold air; aversion to light; prominent 
sexual excitement in stallions and mares; tendency to bite any object; great 
thirst; violent snorting; grating of teeth; change of voice when neighing ; 
foaming mouth, with phlegm discharged in strings; kicking; pawing; 
plunging, or flat prostration on the ground or floor, the legs and head 
dashing about; tearing of the flanks and fore legs; partial paralysis of hind 
parts; increased convulsions in death, Madness may be confounded with 
inflammation of the brain, but in the latter consciousness is lost, while it is 
not in the former. 
TREATMENT.—If the bite or infection be known at the time, wash 
the wound, if there be one, with cold water (into which it is better to put a 
few drops of belladonna), removing as much of the virus as possible. 
Then thoroughly cauterize the wound, as directed for Hydrophobia in the 
Dog, cover the bite with bandages saturated with water and belladonna, 
and continue the application as long as any traces of the wound remain. 
Give five drops of belladonna four times a day for six weeks. If a mad 
dog has been among a number of horses, even when it is uncertain 
whether he has bitten any, treat all with the belladonna, as directed, for ten 
days or two weeks. 
When the active symptoms have appeared, it is best to kill the horse at 
once, in view of the improbability of a cure and the danger to attendants. 
INSANITY. 
This is generally not distinguished from madness, but that it exists in 
horses as well as in man there is good reason to believe. 
Symptoms.—These are a perverted or depraved appetite; change in 
the affections and temper; viciousness. Many horses which suddenly be- 
come vicious and violent are affected with insanity, and not with obstinate, 
willfully bad temper. The horse may be permanently afflicted, when it is 
easy to distinguish the disorder from madness; or he may be only tempo- 
rarily insane, with an absence of some of the more special symptoms of 
madness, recovering after the cause (inflammation, abscess of the brain, 
thickening of the membranes of the brain, etc.,) has disappeared. 
TREATMENT.—Give belladonna when the disorder results from an 
affection of the brain, when the. symptoms indicating this medicine, as 
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