THE HORSE-—THE ORGANS OF CIRCULATION. 99 
ANEURISM. 
This is a tumor formed by the swelling of an artery. At first it pul- 
sates and contains fluid blood; later it is filled with coagulated blood. As 
it grows old, the artery may burst. The posterior aorta, at the beginning 
of the front mesenteric artery, is very subject to aneurism ass the horse grows 
older. 
Symptoms.—The symptoms are so obscure and so similar to those in 
other diseases that it is difficult to tell when they are a result of this dis- 
order. They come suddenly; the horse is dejected, unable to work, and 
thin; breathing quickened; irregular pulse and heart-beats; tenderness at 
the loins; stiffness in turning; swelling and cramps in the legs; paralysis. 
TREATMENT.—If the presence of an aneurism can be known, digitalis 
may be useful, but the only course of any promise is to promote the gen- 
eral health, lower the diet and work, and insure general quiet. 
ENLARGEMENT OF AN ARTERY. 
Enlargement and clogging of an artery, known as “embolism,” result 
from coagulated lymph, clots of fiber, pieces of diseased tissue, the elements 
of cancer or tubercle which are brought to the artery from the circulation 
and prevent the flow of blood from the artery to the limbs. Enlargement 
may also result from inflammation set up by parasites in the blood or in 
wounds. 
Symptoms.—These, as in aneurism, are obscure, and it is difficult to 
determine from them whether an embolism is present or not. They are, 
great pain; quick, wiry pulse; anxious look; free sweats; cold extremities; 
local tremors; stiffness and contraction of certain muscles; the horse looks 
around toward the affected part; temporary paralysis of the affected limb 
or some of its muscles, followed by partial recovery and a similar attack of 
the other limb; return of the attack to the limb first affected; diminished 
pulse of the arteries in the limb involved; peculiar throbbing, felt through 
the rectum, in the posterior aorta; partial or complete paralysis of the hind 
limbs, or the hind quarters entire; finally death. 
TREATMENT.—Treatment avails nothing, except it be careful guarding 
of the general health; cures can be effected only by nature. Aconiteis the sole 
remedy which is even likely to give relief. Give perfect rest and apply 
warm fomentations to the affected part, if it can be located. Ifthe case is 
persistent, several months may elapse before even a limited cure will ensue, 
during which time the animal should be kept in a yard where he will get 
gentle exercise and be well fed, so as to restore normal circulation. 
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