THE HORSE—THE URINARY AND GENERATIVE ORGANS, 185 
thirst; dry, hot mouth; skin dry; strong-smelling sweat; constipation; still 
later, exhaustion, indifference, sleepiness, and death. 
This may be distinguished from inflammation of the neck of the bladder 
by the brown or nearly black urine, which is of about the natural color in 
the latter disease. If the hand be oiled and passed up the rectum, the 
bladder will be found considerably enlarged if it be inflamed, while it is 
empty and contracted in the disorder which we are now treating. 
TREATMENT.—In the first stages of fever, indicated by full, rapid 
pulse, hot, dry mouth and skin, rapid breathing, thirst, scanty urine, and 
pain in the loins, give aconite. This may be alternated with belladonna 
if relief be not given, or if there be hot loins, pain about the kidneys, indi- 
cated by the horse frequently looking anxiousiy at them, or if there be a 
wild, frightened look. Cantharis, 7f 7¢ has not previously been given, is 
beneficial for frequent passages of scanty urine, with difficult straining, and 
when the urine is tinged with blood. Rhus is demanded when sprains are 
the cause. This and arnica should also be applied externally. Camphor 
is useful when cantharis, given as Spanish-fly or otherwise, is the cause. If 
bad food be the cause, give nux vomica, the symptoms demanding it being 
unsuccessful efforts to pass urine, colicky pains, looking at the flanks, and 
constipation. Mercurius corrosivus is one of the best remedies in both acute 
and chronic cases, and its use is called for when the urine is scanty and 
passed with frequent urgings and great pain; it may be alternated with 
aconite or belladonna. A very common but pernicious course is a resort to 
diuretics, that is, stimulants to the action of the kidneys. These should not 
be used, for the-scantiness of the urine which it is desired to correct is due 
to engorgement of the kidneys, and the diuretics will aggravate the en- 
gorgement. Free perspiration is the best means for freeing the blood of 
the poisonous matters retained in consequence of the obstruction to the 
kidneys. Apply warm fomentations to the loins. Give bran-mashes and 
scalded linseed for food. Mix the drinking-water with linseed-tea, enough 
to make it glutinous without being distasteful to the animal, 
INFLAMMATION OF THE BLADDER. 
Inflammation of the bladder sometimes attends or follows inflamma- 
tion of the kidneys, or it may occur independently, caused by exposure to 
damp and cold; by injuries; by stone (see page 139); by giving nitre, 
Spanish-fly, or other strong medicines for the urinary organs. _ 
Symptoms.—Restlessness ; mouth, throat and wlimentary canal irri- 
tated and inflamed; difficult swallowing; hind legs tremble; testes drawn 
up; sexual excitement; mucous and bloody dung; rapid pulse; frequent 
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