THE HORSE—-THE URINARY AND GENERATIVE ORGANS, 1389 
mellitus. The chief causes are musty or mow-burnt hay, kiln-dried oats,. 
bran, and other dry or bad food; impure water; indigestion; chronic disease: 
of the kidneys; strangles; the use of “condition balls,” turpentine, nitre,, 
and the much-advertised specifics for horses; excessive drinking; certain. 
plants in the pasture; cold and wet. Increased urine may result from ner- 
vous disorders, from change of food, and other causes, but should this be 
only temporary, no attention need be paid to it. 
Symptoms.—Excessive thirst; impaired, capricious or depraved appe- 
tite; dry and clammy mouth; white and furred tongue; offensive breaths, 
dry skin and rough, staring coat; deranged digestion; constipation; urine 
clear, or somewhat milky, and passed in very great quantities; the horse is. 
dull, weak, out of condition, and sweats easily; glanders may ensue and 
prove fatal, or the horse may die from the diabetes any time within a year. 
TREATMENT.—Phosphoric acid should be given for profuse colorless. 
or milky urine; great thirst; sweats and loss of flesh ensuing from light 
exercise. Give arsenicum for weakness and emaciation; dry mouth; exces- 
sive thirst; sugary urine. Nux vomica is demanded for depraved appetite; 
poor digestion; profuse, frequent, limpid urine; dung covered with mucus. 
If the urine be frequent and copious, with red, sand-like sediment, give 
lycopodium. If the urine be copious, rmore so at night, muddy and offen- 
sive, or if it be brown-red, or if blood comes from the bladder, give mer- 
curius. Stop at once the use of any food that may have caused the dis- 
order, especially avoiding musty or very dry articles. 
SCANTY URINE.—RETENTION OF URINE. 
These disorders may result from inflammation of some urinary organ 5. 
from some obstruction forming in an organ; from excessive dung accumu- 
lated in the rectum; from falling of the womb; from diminished secretion, 
owing to the perspiration incident to hot weather or hard work. 
TREATMENT.—If the cause be some other disease, that must be 
treated. Should the horse be otherwise in apparently good health aside: 
from decreased urination, give bryonia or arsenicum three times a day. 
Should the urine be retained in the biadder, which may be known by 
passing the hand up the rectum to the bladder, it should be drawn off with. 
a catheter in skillful hands, not by one who lacks experience. 
STONE.—GRAVEL. 
This is a deposit of solid earthy matter in the urinary organs, some- 
times only sandy and gritty, sometimes in the form of a stone, which may 
ws: 
Digitized by Microsoft® 
