THE HORSE—GENERAL DISEASES AND INJURIES. 213 
forward or outward, and by pressure on the affected muscles; sometimes a 
‘swelling at the point of the large bone near the breast, which is pained by 
‘pressing the fingers along the muscles. 
TREATMENT.—Frequently foment the part with warm water. When 
active inflammation ceases, rub in the camphorated ammoniacal liniment 
of which the formula is given under Sprains. 
DISLOCATIONS. 
These almost always need the services of a surgeon. They are gen- 
erally characterized by a protuberance over the displaced joint, which is 
caused by the end of the bone pressing against the skin which covers it. 
The use of the joint is, of course, lost while the displacement continues. 
The accompanying illustration of a dislocation of the whirl-bone, with the 
protuberance at the joint, will be a guide in detecting the disorder in other 
joints. We here give the special symptoms and treatment of a dislocation 
of the st7fle-jornt. 
Symptoms.—Should the stifle-bone be displaced, the leg protrudes 
backward during motion, with inability to draw it under the body; the 
pastern trails along the ground; swelling appears on the outside of the 
joint. Inasprain of the stifle-joint there will be the heat, swelling and 
tenderness incident to sprains, and in action the horse will carry his leg 
around instead of raising it naturally. 
TREATMENT.—We mention the treatment of this form of dislocation 
because it may be attempted by any intelligent’person; but displacements 
in other joints should always be treated by a 
surgeon. A line should be passed around the 
pastern and an assistant draw the leg forward 
and upward toward the belly, while the oper- 
ator puts his arms around the haunches, places 
his hand on the outer angle of the stifle-bone, 
presses it forward and upward, and thus manip- 
ulates until the bone slips back to its place, 
as indicated by asnap. Keep the head tied 
up for a few days to keep the horse from oveniitorenrce oerse Wie 
lying down, and apply a strong pitch-plaster se 
to the joint to prevent a recurrence of the dislocation. The strained 
tendons will need to be treated as directed for Sprains. To keep 
the horse from lying down the requisite time slings may be necessary 
to relieve the limbs of a part of their weight, and a suitable one is shown 
in cut 169. 
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