THE OX—THE RESPIRATORY ORGANS, 259 
aiding a recovery when once begun, and to prevent a relapse, especially 
when bronchitis is present, with a pus-like mucus coming from the nose. 
Begin treatment as soon as the first symptoms appear. Separate the animal 
from others at once. Give mashes, oatmeal-gruel, linseed-tea, a small 
quantity of good hay being added after a few days, but feed sparingly, gradu- 
ally increasing as recovery progresses, remembering that a return of the dis- 
ease usually results from too soon overloading the stomach, and is generally 
fatal. Forcing down food, even in drenches, will almost invariably cause 
death. 
This is one of the most fearful and destructive diseases of cattle, and 
too much pains can not be taken to prevent its invasion, and to completely 
isolate all infected animals, so that it may not spread. Its restriction or sup- 
pression is engaging the attention of many able men, and has commanded 
the attention of our state legislatures and national Congress. 
PLEURISY. 
Pleurisy is an inflammation of the membrane which envelops the lungs. 
It is caused by exposure to draughts of wind or frost; a wet bed; blows on 
the side; over-exertion; neglected catarrh; calving followed by exposure. 
Symptoms.—The taking in of the breath is fitful or interrupted, its 
expulsion being full and long; heaving flanks; full, quick pulse; slight 
cough; dullness; lowered head; animal indisposed to move; mouth, ears 
and nose hot; muzzle dry; feet and horns alternately cold and hot; much 
thirst; loss of appetite and cud; urine red; dung dry, blackish and slimy; 
constipation; milk much decreased; shivering; twitching and wave-like 
motions of the skin; very tender s:des, chest and spine. In later stages, 
there will be profuse tears; nasal discharge clear and watery, becoming red 
and bloody; pulse feebler and quicker; breathing more troubled; sweats; 
nostrils wide open; finally death. In this disorder the breathing is effected 
by a peculiar: movement of the abdomen, while in pneumonia it is still 
done by the ribs; there is more pain on pressing between the ribs than in 
pneumonia. Pleurisy is liable to end in dropsy of the chest. 
TREATMENT.—Give aconite for quick, full, hard pulse, dry, hot mouth, 
and quickened breathing. If in addition to the symptoms just named there 
be a bloody nasal discharge, short, catching breath, with rattling in the 
windpipe, gruntings, pain on pressing the side, and constipation, give bry- 
onia in alternation with aconite every two or three hours, Arsenicum is re- 
quired in advanced stages for rapid prostration and feeble pulse. When 
improvement has begun sulphur will complete the cure. For other infor- 
mation consult the section on Pleurisy in the Horse. 
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