THE DOG—-DISEASES AND THEIR TREATMENT. 337 
many. In addition to the frequent unsuccessful efforts to empty the bowels, 
there will be restlessness; flatulence; colic; hot, dry nose. 
TREATMENT.—Medicines may be selected from those given for Con- 
stipation in the Horse. Use repeated injections of warm water, first 
thoroughly removing all hard feeces that may be near the anus. If consti- 
pation is habitual in an animal, look well to the diet. A small quantity of 
raw meat once daily may correct the trouble. Other articles suitable as 
diet are well boiled’ oatmeal porridge, coarse flour cakes, meat boiled in 
water to a thick porridge. Insure free outdoor exercise. 
INFLAMMATION OF THE LIVER. 
This is a common disease among dogs, generally in a chronic form, 
and is especially frequent in over-fed and much-petted animals. It is 
caused by cold, damp, want of exercise, excessive heat, and injuries. The 
symptoms are much varied, among them being shivering, followed by in- 
creased heat in the skin; desire for retirement; loss of appetite and flesh; 
thirst; cough, followed by vomiting of yellow or greenish fluid, perhaps 
tinged with blood; yellow hue on the lips, eyes, ears and, later, the whole 
skin; wasting may reduce the animal toa pinched-up skeleton in fatal cases. 
' TREATMENT.—Treat the same as Inflammation of the Liver in the 
Ox. Give only cooked food, in small quantities and regularly. If, how- 
ever, the animal is not prized as a pet, its cure will scarcely be worth the 
pains required, even if one knows what the disorder is. 
WORMS. 
Worms are found in dogs almost universally. Three kinds exist in the 
intestines, most likely introduced in the food and drink, namely, the round 
worm, resembling the earth-worm, which sometimes passes up into the 
stomach and is vomited up; the maw-worm, resembling a short piece of 
white thread; the tape-worm, of great length, formed in segments or joints. 
Each kind is likely to cause some special symptoms. The first one, for ex- 
ample, in addition to the general indications named below, may even pass 
up through the throat into the nose and cause much irritation. The maw- 
worm produces itching at the rectum. The tape-worm causes colic, con- 
vulsions, distension of the abdomen, constipation, and inflammation of the 
bowels. While the discharge ot worms is an unmistakable symptom, their 
presence is also indicated by dullness, restlessness, depression, bad temper, 
short, dry cough, offensive breath, appetite variable, often enormous, dry, 
shaggy hair, loss of flesh, constipation or diarrhoea, 
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