390 THE VETERINARY DOCTOR. 
noticeable a peculiar pip, or “‘zip”’ noise; breathing disturbed and effected 
through the mouth; dry tongue; moping and retiring mood; loss of appe- 
tite; irregular and dilatory movements; generally costiveness, perhaps from 
indigestion; sometimes considerable heat of the body, especially in the belly 
near the thighs. 
TREATMENT.—Afford dry, warm shelter. If there be costiveness or 
indigestion, give a dose of castor oil. Apply to the tongue and nostrils a 
weak solution of chlorinated soda, if any local remedy is used, but do not 
clip off the end of the tongue, as some have advised. Sauna, as recom- 
mended for mercurius in catarrh, may be used on general principles. The 
treatment, which consists merely in giving two or three grains of black 
pepper each day in fresh butter may be resorted to with a good deal of 
confidence. In any case, give no food except such as has been cooked and 
is easily digested. 
CHIP. 
Chip, or chipping, so named from the peculiar noise made by the pa- 
tient, is a disease which resembles roup, and attacks young chickens, with 
very fatal results if not promptly treated. It arises from exposure to wet, 
in consequence of which the down on the body is kept wet for a long time. 
Symptoms.—The plaintive “chip” is continued; the feathers droop 
and lose their gloss; the chicken is very tender when touched, retires to a 
solitary place, sits trembling constantly and violently, having fever and 
heat of the body, and gradually sinks and dies. 
TREATMENT.—Remove the patient to a dry, warm place, handling it 
gently. In the early stages give coichicum every two or three hours, ten 
drops of the strong tincture being put into a pint of water, and ten to fif- 
teen drops of this dilution being taken for a dose. 
CANKERS ABOUT THE MOUTH AND HEAD. 
These have been already alluded to as being perhaps particular mani- 
festations of roup, and it is best, in general, to proceed with the treatment 
detailed for that malady. Such cankers, if they exist independently of roup, 
are caused by poor housing, filth and unwholesome food. They are marked 
by a watery discharge from the eyes and a somewhat sticky secretion in 
the mouth and throat. Ifit is known that roup is not the seat of the dis- 
order, it will be sufficient to wash the affected parts with warm water 
(adding castile soap if they are gummy), clean out the throat and mouth 
with a weak solution of chlorate of potash, alum and water, swab off the 
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