POULTRY AND LARGE BIRDS. 391 
ulcers with a feather or very soft brush, and apply powdered borax in small 
quantities to the spots thus made bare. Stir into the food a little sulphur. 
DIPHTHERIA. 
Reference has been made to this as a manifestation of roup. Though 
it is treated separately by some, it is deemed best in this work, for precau- 
tionary reasons if for no other, to refer the reader to the remarks upon that 
disease. It may, however, be remarked that, if one has a fowl suffering 
from a mouth and throat filled with mucus, and attended with small white 
ulcers about the tongue, it is advisable to blow into the mouth and throat 
powdered burnt alum, or equal parts of chlorate of potash and pulverized : 
borax, being careful to remove the patient to prevent possible infection. 
Should this effect a cure, one may be confident that the disorder was not 
diphtheria in any true sense of the term. 
SORE EYES AND HEAD. 
The eyes may become sore from dust, excessive heat, dampness, and 
other causes, and give out a watery discharge. The whole head may be- 
come involved in the inflammation. Such mild affections are to be dis- 
tinguished from cankers and from roup; but it is always safe to keep a 
sharp look-out for roup when the eyes are sore. 
TREATMENT.—Wash the parts with a weak solution of white vitriol 
(sulphate of zinc), or with alum-water, or with a solution of alum and 
camphor. If the discharge has become gummy or hardened, remove it 
with warm water and castile soap, following up with one of the lotions 
here named, or with one of sulphate of lead. Give sulphur in the food, 
using the powdered form. Avoid the exciting causes mentioned above. 
INDIGESTION.—DYSPEPSIA. 
This disorder is a failure to properly digest and assimilate the food, 
and exhibits a variety of causes, conditions and results. It more frequently 
arises from too rich, unwholesome, or excessive food, too free use of grain 
and other hard feed, cold, general weakness, to say nothing of it as a symp- 
tom of various other affections. 
Symptoms.—Listless mood; want of appetite; sometimes scanty drop- 
pings, sometimes free, as in diarrhoea and dysentery; fever; crop swollen 
in some cases, with a “tucked-up” appearance, as if from pain in the 
stomach; perhaps a sickly, yellowish hue in the comb and wattles, indica- 
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