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POULTRY AND LARGE BIRDS. 403 
bred in great numbers in filthy quarters and nests, and in flocks deprived 
of earth-baths, They are especially prone to take shelter in the tufts of 
crested birds. 
TREATMENT.—Attend to the directions for “ Cleanliness” given on 
page 361), remembering that the droppings and other filth are favorite 
haunts. Thoroughly dust into the roots of the feathers Persian Insect 
Powder, preferably with one of the powder blowers or bellows, In the 
absence of this, dip the fowls in a bath made of one part of carbolic acid 
and sixty of water. A good expedient is the application of suds of car- 
bolic soap on such places as are specially infested. The use of any such 
fluids as these should be attended with caution to prevent colds. An oint- 
ment of sulphur, kerosene oil and lard may be spread under the wings of 
full-grown fowls, but young ones have been injured and even killed by a 
too free use of kerosene, as well as by sulphur when mixed with lard. 
Smearing with simple lard, lard oil, or whale oil, is better for the young. 
A thorough rubbing or dusting with powdered sulphur has often been suf- 
ficient, and yellow snuff is highly recommended for the same purpose. 
Wormwood and tansy teas are good, as well as oil of fennel. Absinthum 
and sulphur are good internal remedies. Tone up the system with cayenne 
pepper, iron, nourishing food and cleanly quarters. 
RED MITES. 
These are scarcely less troublesome than lice, are exceedingly annoy- 
ing, and will survive very harsh treatment. 
TREATMENT.—-Proceed as for lice. If the pests are not killed or 
driven off, and you are willing to stain the plumage of white birds, grind 
together two ounces of sulphur, two ounces of camphor soda, a half-ounce 
of carbolic acid or tobacco leaf, and a piece of lime as large as a hen’s 
egg; steep in hot water until thoroughly. mixed; let the whole stand 
until perfectly settled, and then pour it off so as to get out all of the 
sediment. When it is cold, thoroughly apply it through the feathers 
with a stiff brush. The ointment of sulphur, lard and kerosene oil, 
recommended for lice, may be well rubbed under the wings, on the 
back of the neck, and on the vent. It is a reliable remedy, but the 
cautions about its use on young fowls must be observed, or fatal effects 
will ensue. 
CHILLS.—FROST-BITE. 
Young fowls are sometimes benumbed by cold, and even apparently 
dead. They should be dipped in water as warm as the hand can comfort- 
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