POULTRY AND LARGE BIRDS. 405 
vant the pains of prolonging the life of an animal which, at best, will prob- 
ably be maimed. A few injuries which may be subjected to treatment in 
specially valuable birds are here mentioned. 
Cuts anv Orner Wounps.—Clean out all dirt and other foreign 
substances. Draw the lips of the wound nicely together and secure them 
with strips of adhesive plaster (which will generally make it necessary to 
shave off some feathers), laying them across the wound and leaving spaces 
between them for the escape of any pus that may form. Dress with a 
lotion of calendula. To keep out maggots and ward off gangrene, put on 
some preparation of carbolic acid. Should the wound be much inflamed 
and slow in healing, apply the calendula-lotion. Sweet oil rubbed on any 
wound will exclude dirt and thus favor the healing. If the wound gapes 
badly, it may be sewed up. If the bleeding is profuse and does not stop 
after the lips are brought together, apply cold water or pounded ice. 
CracxEep Hocx.—The skin on the inside of the hock-joint may crack 
and seriously impair the use of the limb. The cracking is preceded by a 
weakness and wavering about the hock, perhaps even by squatting as in 
leg-weakness or rheumatism. Apply fir-balsam ointment to effect a cure. 
As a preventive, when the weakness about the hock is noticed, bathe the 
joints three times a day with a liniment made of sweet oil and ammonia, 
equal parts, and give two pills daily of lard, three parts, and cayenne 
pepper, one part. 
Bruises are best treated by applying calendula-lotion or arnica, 
though the efficacy of the latter is ridiculously exaggerated. 
Lameness.—When this is not a symptom of paralysis, gout, rheuma- 
tism or broken bone, it may result from a sprain, and is then best treated 
by pouring cold water on the affected joint and putting on some liniment. 
BRroKEN AND DisLocaTEeD Bonres.—These disorders may exist without 
the knowledge of an.observer, unless he is well versed in the anatomy of 
fowls. Though fractures wiil occasionally heal fairly well without treat- 
ment, fanciers will sometimes wish to try their hands at surgery in order 
to reduce the chances of deformities. Bring the broken ends together 
until they fit neatly, as indicated by the touch. Cover the part with thick 
paper previously well soaked in white of egg or mucilage, closely adapting 
it to the shape of the limb; then bind on strips of pasteboard, also care- 
fully adjusted to the shape. Keep the fowl by itself, as quiet as possible, 
and deprived of the use of the limb if practicable. The resulting fever 
may be treated by showering the limb with cold water. When a wing is 
broken, bring the ends of the bone together as well as you can, close the 
wing, tie the quills together, secure the wing to the side, if possible, and 
prevent attempts to fly. 
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