141 2 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



around Montpellier and on the Riviera ; but it has been found inland in Aveyron 

 and Ardeche. It is usually seen as a shrub, but is capable of becoming a tree in 

 favourable situations, one recorded by Mathieu near Corbieres being 1 1 ft. in girth. 

 When I was at Montpellier in 1909, M. Marc Bazille showed me the largest tree 

 known to exist in France. This grows on the Ferme de la Rouviere, in the 

 commune of Salincelles (Gard), twenty miles east of Montpellier. It stands on dry 

 rocky soil covered with scrub of Quercus Ilex and Q. cocci/era, and though a very old 

 tree, is in a good healthy condition. It measured about 35 ft. high, with a trunk 

 8 ft. long, and 13 ft. 4 in. in girth, dividing into six or eight large limbs which 

 spread over a space 58 paces round. According to M. Parde,^ this species will 

 not endure the severe winters of Paris, but it is cultivated at Les Barres. 



It was cultivated as early as 1739 in the Physic Garden at Chelsea; but we 

 have seen no specimens of considerable size in England. The largest which we 

 have seen is a shrubby tree at Glasnevin in Ireland, evidently of great age and 

 about 18 ft. high. (H. J. E.) 



JUNIPERUS MACROCARPA 



Juniperus macrocarfa, Sibthorp and Smith, Fl. Grcec. Prod. ii. 263 (1813); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. 



Brit. iv. 2494 (1838); Boissier, FL Orient, v. 706 {1884); Kent, Veitch's J/(2«. Conif. 181 



(1900); Parlatore, in De Candolle, Prod. xvi. 2, p. 476 (1868). 

 Juniperus Oxycedrus, Linnsus, sub-species macrocarpa, Ascherson and Graebner, Syn. Fl. Mitteleurop. i. 



248 (1898) ; Rikli, in Kirchner, Loew, and Schroter, Lebenges. Blutenpfl. Mitteleurop. i. 315 (1906). 

 Juniperus Biasoletti, Link, in Atti V. Riun. Sc. Ital. Napoli, 878 (1845). 

 Juniperus attica, Orphanides, in Heldreich, Nutzpfl. Griechen. 13 (1862). 

 Juniperus Lobe Hi, Gussone, Syn. Fl Sicul. ii. 635 (1844). 

 Juniperus sphcerocarpa, Antoine, Cupress. Gattung. 11, t. 10 (1857). 



This species is closely allied to J. Oxycedrus, with which it has been united as a 

 sub-species by Rikli and by Ascherson and Graebner. It differs in the longer and 

 broader leaves, f to i in. long, about ^ in. broad, which gradually taper from the 

 base to the acuminate sharp -pointed cartilaginous apex. Fruit larger than in 

 J. Oxycedrus, glaucous blue, turning purplish brown after ripening, about \ in. broad, 

 and f in. long, on a short stalk less than \ in. long ; seeds similar to, but larger than 

 in J. Oxycedrus. The fruits are either globose ; or more commonly pyriform in 

 shape, gradually tapering to the base, constituting var. ellipsoidea, Neilrich, Veget. 

 Croat. 52 (1868), and identical withy. Lobelii, Gussone. 



This species has a similar distribution to that of J. Oxycedrus, extending 

 throughout the Mediterranean region from Spain to Syria, and also occurring in 

 Bulgaria. It does not appear to be a native of southern France. It grows on low 

 hills, and in sandy tracts close to the sea-coast ; whereas, as a rule, /. Oxycedrus 

 occupies more inland and higher elevated regions.^ 



• Arb. Nat. des Barres, 49 (1906). It is commonly known in France as genivrier cade or cadier, and yields an oil, called 

 huile de cade, which is much used in veterinary practice. Cf. Legie, in Bull. Sec. Bot. France, xlviii. 129 (1901). 



2 This distribution of the two species is confirmed for Greece by Halacsy, Consp. Fl. Grcecct, ui. 455 (1904), and for 

 Algeria, by Rev. Hort. de VAlgirie, iv. 176 (1900). 



