Juniperus 141 3 



J. macrocarpa was introduced about 1838 by Strangways from Italy; but does 

 not appear to have succeeded in our climate. Rikli says that even on the coast of 

 Istria it is often much injured in severe winters. (A. H.) 



JUNIPERUS BREVIFOLIA 



Juniperus brevifolia, Antoine, Cupress. Gaitung. 16, tt. 20-22 (1857); Parlatore, in De Candolle 

 Prod. xvi. 2, p. 478 (1868); H. C. Watson, in London Journ. Bot. ii. 7, 9, 398, 401, 408 

 (1843) and iii. 606 (1844), and in Godman, Nat. Hist. Azores, 224 (1870); Trelease, in 

 Missouri Bot. Gard. %th Ann. Rep. 169 (1897); Kent, Veitch's Man. Conif. 180 (1900). 



Juniperus Oxycedrus, Linnaeus, var. brevifolia, Hochstetter, in Seubert, FL Azorica, 26 (1844). 



Juniperus rufescens, Link, var. brevifolia, Endlicher, Syn. Conif. 11 (1847). 



A shrub or small tree in the Azores, with a stem often 3 to 4 ft. in girth. 

 Branchlets numerous, short, densely clothed with foliage. Leaves all acicular, in 

 alternate whorls of threes, very short and broad, ;^ to ^ in. long, about ^^ in. wide, 

 oval-linear, jointed and swollen at the slightly narrowed base, widest about the 

 middle, whence they taper to a rounded or acute (non-acuminate) apex ; upper 

 surface with a narrow green midrib not extending to the apex, on each side of which 

 is a broad white stomatic furrow, bounded by an external green band ; lower surface 

 green, with a prominent midrib ; margin entire. 



Flowers dioecious. Fruit sub-globose, \ in. in diameter, on scaly stalks about 

 ^^ in. long, dark reddish brown when mature ; scales three, separated at the apex by 

 three radiating prominent lines, and each marked by a minute mucro. Seeds three, 

 embedded in a scanty pulp, ovoid, triquetrous, broadest at the base, gradually 

 tapering to an acute apex, light brown ; outer surface convex with two or three 

 longitudinal furrows, not separated from the inner surface by a winged thin margin, 

 as iny. Oxycedrus. 



This species is remarkably distinct in the very short glaucous leaves ; and its 

 seeds differ from those of the allied species. 



This species is limited to the Azores, where it occurs on the islands of Corvo, 

 Flores, Fayal, San Miguel, and Pico, ascending to 5000 ft., and rarely descending 

 below 1000 ft. It is locally known as cedro, and is usually a compact shrub or small 

 tree, becoming a prostrate bush with interlacing branches on exposed hill summits. 

 Formerly it appears to have been a tree of considerable size, as large logs have been 

 found deeply buried under the secondary volcanic debris in the Grotto do Enferno 

 of the large crater known as Caldeira des Sette Cidades. A slab of this was pre- 

 sented to the Kew Museum by Dr. Goeze, which was reported to have been 

 excavated from a depth of 100 metres.^ 



So far as we know this beautiful species has not been introduced^ into 

 cultivation in England. (A. H.) 



1 Cf. Goeze in Gard. Chron. 1867, p. 929, and Masters \a Journ. R. Hort. Soc. xvii. 3 (1894), who identified this wood 

 with Cupressus lusitanica. The slab at Kew is undoubtedly the wood of this species of juniper. Cf. our Vol. V. 1 179, note i. 



2 Gordon, Pinetum, 131 (1880), says it is tender in England ; but he gives no particulars as to its introduction. 



