Juniperus ^^^9 



JUNIPERUS PACHYPHL^A 



Juniperus pachyphlma, Torrey, Pacific R. R. Rep. iv. pt. v. 142 (1858) ; Sargent, ■Si'/z'a N. Amer. x. 85, 

 t. 520 (1896), and Trees N. Amer. 90 (1905) ; Kent, Veitch's Man. Conif. 181 (1900) ; Britton 

 and Shafer, North American Trees, 113 (1908). 



Juniperus plochyderma, Parlatore, in De Candolle, /Vs^/. xvi. 2, p. 492 (1868). 

 Sabina pachyphlcea 2X\.^ plochyderma, Antoine, Cupress. Gait. 39, 40, t. 52 (1857). 



A tree, attaining in America 60 ft. in height and 1 5 ft. in girth. Bark, different 

 from that of all the other junipers, f to 4 inches thick, deeply divided into small square 

 scaly plates. Branchlets slender, angled, becoming light brown, terete, and scaly 

 after the fall of the leaves. Leaves dimorphic : on vigorous branchlets, acicular, 

 spreading, in threes and in opposite pairs, | to |- in. long, tipped with slender 

 elongated cartilaginous points ; upper surface concave and whitened, lower surface 

 greyish green and keeled. The juvenile foliage gradually passes into the adult 

 foliage ; ultimate branchlets tetragonal, -^ in. in diameter, with scale-like leaves in 

 opposite pairs, imbricated, closely appressed, about ^ in, long, ovate - rhombic, 

 rounded at the narrowed apex, minutely toothed in margin, convex on the back, 

 which is marked with a depressed oval gland, often exuding resin ; leaves on 

 the older branchlets tipped with a sharp point. 



Flowers dioecious. Fruit ripening in the second year, sub-globose, nearly ^ in. 

 in diameter, sub-sessile, ebracteate, reddish brown covered with a glaucous bloom, 

 tuberculate on the surface, with six to eight scales each marked by a slightly 

 reflexed mucro. Seeds four, nearly filling up the cavity of the fruit, ovoid, angled, 

 shining brown ; flesh scanty, fibrous, yellow. 



Reputed juvenile forms of this species, vars. conspicua, elegantissima, and ericoides, 

 differing in habit and with blue or whitish-blue foliage, have lately been obtained by 

 Barbier ^ at Orleans ; and are now in cultivation at Kew ^ and Glasnevin. 



This species grows on dry arid mountain slopes, at 4000 to 6000 feet elevation, 

 from the Eagle and Limpio Mountains in south-western Texas, westward along 

 the desert ranges of New Mexico and Arizona, and southwards into Mexico, where 

 it occurs along the Sierra Madre to the state of Jalisco and over the mountains of 

 northern Sonora and Chihuahua. 



It was discovered in 1851 by Dr. S. W. Woodhouse in eastern New Mexico, 

 and is considered by Sargent to be the most beautiful of all the west American 

 Junipers, its thick checkered bark being unlike that of any other species. 



It is uncertain when it was introduced into England. It is extremely rare, 

 the only specimen which we have seen being a tree in Kew Gardens, about 20 ft. 

 high, showing the peculiar bark, and producing on its stem several epicormic branches. 

 This has not as yet produced flowers. (A. H.) 



1 Mitt. Deut. Dend. Ges. 1910, pp. 139 and 289. ^ ICew Bulletin, 1911, p. loi. 



