290 CONNECTICUT EXPERIMENT STATION REPORT, I907-I908. 



numerous (June 12th) but few were seen on the trees, but in 

 places where trees had been cut out they were very numerous, 

 flying around and running over the grass and weeds. While 

 the sun was shining they were very active, but when a cloud 

 passed over the sun they would settle down and become quiet. 

 The next visit to the orchard was on June 14th, which was a 

 cloudy, windy day, and the insects were very quiet, even slug- 

 gish. On the previous date many of the insects were mating 

 but the females were not observed in the act of ovipositing. 

 The small whitish eggs are laid horizontally on the surface of 

 the under side of the leaf along the midrib and on the basal 

 portion of the leaf. See Plate II, a. The larva after hatching 

 crawls to the edge of the leaf and soon spins a web of a few 

 whitish silken threads over itself. When it begins to feed it 

 eats a narrow strip inward from the edge and by means of the 

 web draws or rolls the comer of the portion on which it rests 

 over itself, forming a case within which it stays during the day, 

 coming out to feed towards dark. Much of the damage is done 

 when the larvae are nearly full-grown. Leaves partly eaten and 

 with the characteristic rolling are shown on Plate I. The midrib 

 of the leaf is left, and to it is often attached more or less of the 

 adjoining tissue, thus giving to the foliage on the infested trees 

 a peculiar shredded appearance. Small trees, set to replace large 

 trees that had been removed, were often found nearly stripped 

 while the surrounding large trees might show but little of the 

 work. This may be due to their preference for sunny places. 



After the larvae become full-grown, they go into the ground, 

 where they remain until the following year. Observations 

 regarding these larvae were made in April and May. From 

 considerable digging and many measurements the majority of 

 the larvae were found to be about three inches deep, though 

 some were within two inches of the surface, and the deepest 

 were between five and six inches. The only larvae found less 

 than two inches deep were three that were obstructed by a large 

 flat stone. Larvae occurred within six inches of the tree trunk 

 and halfway to the adjoining tree, or in other words, they could 

 be found in the soil all the way from one tree to another, but 

 were the thickest about thirty inches from the base of the tree. 

 The larva forms a small round unlined cell about one-fourth of 

 an inch in diameter within which it remains curled up. The 



