16 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BULLETIN 198 



Manual is intended as a textbook ot practice, and the writer believes 

 that the time key will be useful to the agriculturist in forewarning 

 him what to expect and look for in his fields and orchards. The 

 ordinary type of manual is consulted "after the thief has entered 

 the stable and stolen the horse " while it is hoped that the present 

 arrangement will induce many farmers to look forward and see 

 what enemies are to be expected in the weeks immediately ahead, 

 and what efforts should be made to forestall them. Orders for 

 insecticides, machinery, etc., can be planned accordingly. The 

 experience of maay years, and the accumulated reports of thousands 

 of observers will be needed to furnish an accurate time schedule for 

 such a manual, and we therefore solicit reports from our friends in 

 the state, confirming or changing the schedule herewith tentatively 

 offered. The facts set forth in the manual have been drawn from 

 many sources. The writings of Saunders, Chittenden, Sander- 

 son, Smith, Slingerland and Pettit have been frequently consulted, 

 but I have also drawn freely from the writings of others. The pub- 

 lications of the U. S. Biological Survey have furnished valuable help. 

 My thanks are also due to my efficient assistant, Mr. W. H. 

 Goodwin, who has had full charge of all the illustrative work of the 

 bulletin. 



GENERAL, MANAGEMENT. 



INJURIES BY INSECT ENEMIES MAY BE ANTICIPATED 

 AND PREVENTED. 



Having decided what crops are to be grown for the year it will 

 be worth the farmer's while to look through this Manual and by 

 reference to the sections treating of these crops, see what pests are 

 apt to attack them during the spring and if steps can be taken 

 before planting time, at planting, or soon thereafter, to prevent or 

 minimize anticipated injury. Such investigation may render a 

 change of plans advisable at the outset and thus future annoyance 

 and loss may be saved. After the crops are planted, consult the 

 Manual at the beginning of each month and keep a lookout for such 

 insects as are likely to cause trouble in the near future. Not only 

 will this attention save loss from insects, but the growers determina- 

 tion to successfully carry his crops to maturity will be increased, 

 and his interest in all other factors relating to their health and vigor 

 will be stimulated. Again, the insects themselves will become 

 creatures of interest because they are subjects of first-hand ac- 

 quaintance. 



