42 OHIO EXPERIMENT STATION: BUI/L-ETIN 198. 



used diluted with five parts of water. Whale oil soap, one pound 

 dissolved in four gallons of water, is also quite effective. If leaves 

 are badly curled by the lice, the branches should be bent down and 

 dipped into the liquid. 



Someindividualsof the Woolly Plant Louse, Schizoneura lani. 

 gera, live through the winter in sheltered positions on the bark as 

 well as on the roots, and both aerial and root forms begin reproduction 

 in the spring. The eggs also hatch at about the same time as those 

 of other apple dphids. This louse is almost wholly confined to the roots 

 and branches. On the roots it produces masses of wart-like swell- 

 ings and the life of the tree is often endangered. The aerial 

 form is covered with white or bluish-white cottony matter, giving 

 badly infested branches the appearance of being over-run with a 

 luxuriant mold. The treatment recommended for other aphids is 

 efficient against the aericil form. The lime-sulfur wash, when used 

 in winter or in early spring against other insects, will usually render 

 other measures against the aerial form unnecessary. After the 

 leaves appear lime-sulfur can be applied to the trunks and 

 larger limbs by means of a brush and results will be excellent. 

 The underground form may be controlled, if the trees are 

 young, by mixing tobacco dust liberally with the soil in contact 

 with the roots. A top dressing of wood ashes is also advantageous. 

 After trees have become old it is hard to exterminate the lice from 

 the roots. In case young trees to be planted out are infested when 

 they come from the nursey, the roots can be freed from the lice by 

 puddling them in mud impregnated with tobacco. Dig a good sized 

 hole in the ground and in it mix enough loose earth, tobacco dust and 

 water to make a fairly thick slush, or mud, which will readily adhere 

 to the roots. These are immersed in the mud before the trees are 

 planted. 



The larva of the Leap Crumplek, Mineola indigenella, rouses into 

 activity with the swelling of the buds, cuts loose the silken threads 

 which have anchored its case during the winter, and this is now 

 dragged to suitable feeding grounds among the opening buds and 

 young leaves. The new leaves are drawn toward the mouth of the 

 case, near which they are fastened by silken threads. The worms 

 can now feed in comparative safety without leaving their homes. 

 The deep reddish-brown color possessed by the larva in early spring 

 gives way to a pronounced green as the worm approaches maturity, 

 about the end of May. Also its case has become shaped like a 

 crooked, wavy horn, brownish or blackish in color, closely resembling 

 a piece of bird dung. The interior is lined with silk, and the occu- 

 pant clings to its house most tenaciously when an attempt is made to 



