SPRING PRACTICE IN ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY. ^7 



GENERAL PROGRAM OF TREATMENT FOR THE PEAR. * 



When to Spray 



(Special) 

 Early spring- before 

 buds open. 



For what to spray 



San Jose scale, oyster 

 shell scale, scurfy scale, 

 Psyllay pear-leaf blister 

 mite, and blight. 



With what to spray 



Lime-sulfur wash, 

 kerosene emulsion or 

 soluble oil . 



Just before blos- 

 soms open . 



Scab, leafblight, leaf- 

 spot, fire blig-ht andleaf- 



eating- insects. 



Arsenate of lead or 

 other arsenicals in 

 Bordeaux mixture. 



Remarks 



Not necessary unless 

 these diseases are pres- 

 ent. Lime-sulfur seems 

 to possess considerable 

 value ag-ainst pear blig-ht, 

 The oils are somewhat 

 more efficacious ag-ainst 

 Psylla and blister mite. 



Just after blos- 

 soms fall. 



Diseases and insects 

 listed under 1 and cod- 

 ling worm. 



Same as above. 



3. Ten to fifteen 

 days after 2. 



Same as above. 



Same as above. 



(Special) 

 Late May or early 

 June. 



Scurfy scale and oyster 

 shell scale. 



(Special) 

 During- dormant sea- 

 son and whenever dis- 

 ease appears. 



Blight. 



Kerosene emulsion or 

 whale oil soap. 



Prune out affeeted 

 twigs and burn. Dis- 

 infect knife after each 

 cut by wiping off with 

 a cloth moistened 

 with kerosene. Prune 

 so as to form a low- 

 beaded branching top. 



M ake very thorough 

 spraying to destroy cod- 

 ling worm . 



Spray when young scales 

 are observed to be crawl- 

 ing: in numbers over the 

 bark. 



A disease thatis difficult 

 to combat . 



* The program for apple may be followed where apple pests, not here listed, attack the pear. 



PLUM INSECTS. 



MARCH— APRIL. 



The PliTm Gall Mite, Eriophyes fhloeocaptes, hibernates during 

 the winter in small sub-spherical galls at the base of the buds. _ A 

 cluster of galls may completely surround the twig. In early spring 

 the mites leave these galls to form new ones. The newer galls are 

 plump and smooth, but the older ones become dry and wrmkled. 

 Prune out the infested twigs before the buds swell and burn them. 

 Spray^^^^ thoroughly with lime-sulfur about the time the^ buds are 

 sSg will doubtless prove a' valuable measure against these 



mites. 



