12 



bands. It is found upon the branches of peach and plum, more rarely 

 on apple, and commonly occurs on the under side of the branch, the 

 upper side of which is covered with a black fungus that grows on the 

 honey-dew dropped by the Lecaniums from the branch above. The 

 females pass the winter in the adult condition. The eggs are developed 

 by the latter part of May. The young hatch early in June and con- 

 tinue for fully a month (June 10 to July 16). The young larvsB are 

 flat, uniformly pale yellow, and with a thin marginal rim. They become 

 stationary in a few weeks. By the middle of July the male pupae are 

 developed, and by the 22d the first winged males appear. There is but 

 one brood a year, and the best time for treatment will be during July. 



Fig. l.—LecaiUum nigrofasciatum Perg.: adulls at left, young at right. (Howard). 



There is another species of Lecanium (Z. prunastri), less commonly 

 found on plum. The female is much like that of the peach Lecanium, 

 but the insect passes the winter in the larval state, not maturing till 

 May. The young hatch in July, migrate to the leaves, and in the 

 early fall return to the branches, where they pass the winter. It has 

 rarely been found in this country outside of New York State. 



THE OYSTER-SHELL BARK-LOUSE. 

 (Mylilagpis pomorum Linn.— figs. 2 and 3.) 

 The oyster-shell bark-louse is one of the best known enemies of the 

 orchardist. It is a dark, slightly convex scale, elongate and usually 

 curved in outline, much resembling a miniature oyster shell. When 

 crowded upon the tree they are apt to l)c less curved and often quite 

 straight. The elongate exuvium is situated at the .small end. Its 

 elongate shape and dark color at once separate it from all other com- 

 mon orchard scales. The eggs, which are whitish in color, are deposited 

 in late summer, and occupy the posterior two-thirds of the scale. The 

 female dies, but the scale remains to protect the eggs during the 

 winter. The young hatch in May or early June, crawl out upon the 



