THE CLASSIFICATION AND NAMING OF PLANTS 65 



that this species was first named and described by Linnaeus. 

 This description may be found in published form. It is 

 the practice of those engaged in the systematic study of 

 plants and animals to record accurately the description, in 

 some recognized scientific periodical, or in a monograph, of 

 any new species they may find. When such is done, the 

 one who names and describes the new plant afl5xes thereto 

 his name, in full, if short, but usually abbreviated. In some 

 instances, two abbreviations occur after a scientific name, for 

 example, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. This illustrates 

 a case in which a species has been transferred from one 

 genus to another. Linnaeus named the common barnyard 

 grass Fanicum crus-galli L. In his revision, Beauvois trans- 

 ferred the common barnyard grass to the genus Echinochloa 

 still retaining the specific name, crus-galli. Nomenclature 

 rules state that when a species is transferred in this manner 

 from one genus to another, the original author (in this 

 case, Linnaeus) must always be cited in parenthesis, fol- 

 lowed by the author (in this case, Beauvois) of the new 

 binomial. 



Botanical varieties or subspecies are often printed as 

 trinomials, for example, the bush variety of Phaseolus 

 vulgaris is written Phaseolus vulgaris nanus or Phaseolus 

 vulgaris var. nanus. Agricultural "varieties" are desig- 

 nated by common names, for example, in beans, there are 

 such varietal names as Early Bountiful, Black Valentine, 

 Giant Stringless, Green-pod, etc. 



Scientific names are in Latin. This is probably the most 

 universal language, which fact was recognized by Linnaeus, 

 and hence he adopted it in his system of nomenclature. The 

 species and genus agree in gender. For example, Brassica 

 rapa (turnip), Triticum aestivum (common wheat), and Rubus 

 villosus (northern dewberry). 



