330 BOTANY OF CROP PLANTS 



Turnip-like stem which stands mostly above ground. (Fig. 138), B. 



oleracea var. caulo-rapa (kohlrabi). 

 Stem not turnip-like, leafy below, inflorescence partially developing 



first season (Fig. 139), B. oleracea var. hotrytis (cauliflower, broccoli). 



BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. VIRIDIS (Fig. 135) 



The members of this group resemble very much the wild 

 form of cabbage. The terminal and lateral buds elongate 

 during the first season, giving the plant a branching habit. 

 Forms of this variety are known as kale, borecole, marrow 

 cabbage, or collard. Collards are grown in the South par- 

 ticularly. This southern form is known as the Georgia 

 collard. Marrow cabbage or marrow kale is a broad-leaved 

 form. There are a number of kales with finely dissected 

 leaves; among such are the well-known Scotch kales, rather 

 common market sorts. The tree kales have straight, stiff 

 and strong stems often 3 or 4 feet tall; the dwarf kales are 

 lower and close to the ground. Dwarf Green Scotch Kale 

 is the most common sort grown in the Norfolk truck-garden- 

 ing area. Thousand-headed kale is a very large, highly 

 branching form. The large-leaved kales, such as marrow 

 kale and thousand-headed kale, are used as stock food. The 

 finer-leaved varieties are used as a boiled green vegetable. 



UnUke their close relatives, Brussels sprouts, head cabbage, 

 kohlrabi and cauhflower, kale and collard will endure the 

 heat and drought of summer, and kale, at least, will stand 

 considerable freezing. 



BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. GEMMIFERA (Brussels sprouts) (Fig. 136) 



Here belong those cabbages in which the axillary buds 

 develop into small heads or "sprouts." These are formed 

 in the axils of leaves. The main stem is elongated and 

 unbranched. The first "sprouts" to appear are those at the 

 base of the stem, subsequent ones appearing in order from 



