THE GENITO-UEINARY SYSTEM. 131 



which means "all flesh." The fluid secreted from tlds urgan 

 empties into the intestines through the same duct conveying the 

 bile. It is exceedingly active, possessing in its varied functions 

 more powers than any other juice. In herbivorous animals the 

 flow of pancreatic juice is continuous, never ceasing entirely. It 

 contains five different ingredients, which exert changes on vari- 

 ous kinds of foodstuffs, having a specific action in emulsifying 

 fatty matters, rendering them capable of absorption. 



Che Genito-Urinary System. 



Urine is an excretion, separated from the blood by the kid- 

 neys, which are two solid organs situated in the abdominal cavity, 

 firmly attached to its roof in the part called the sub-lumbar 

 region, or loin. 



The kidney in appearance is bean-shaped, with a tube leav- 

 ing its concave portion called the ureter. This tube proceeds 

 backwards and downwards, reaching the pelvic cavity, where 

 immediately below the terminal end of the intestine we find a 

 large fluctuating sac, the size of which depends on the amoimt 

 of its contents- — this is called the bladder. The ureter passes 

 back to the neck of the bladder, to which it gains access by pene- 

 trating first its muscular coat, between which • and the mucous 

 membrane it passes for a short distance, then piercing the 

 mucous membrane it gains access to the interior of the bladder, 

 this peculiar manner of penetrating the coats of the bladder 

 being an arrangement of nature by which the fiow of the urine 

 from the bladder back into the ureter is prevented. The kidneys 

 play a most important part in the animal economy, as they 

 eliminate from the blood not only the superfluous water and 

 other accessory substances, but the excremential nitrogenous 

 products resulting from tissue "waste. Comprising the urinary 

 apparatus we find the 



