CHAPTER XIII. 



Diseases of the CCrinary System. 



The surplus of nitrogen in the system is formed into 

 lu'ea and voided through the organs composing the urinary 

 system, viz., the kidneys, iireters, bladder and urethra. Should, 

 however, this through some cause be retained, its effects would 

 produce blood-poisoning from the altered condition of the blood 

 supply, being evidenced by delirium, terminating in coma and 

 death. In herbivorous animals the urine has what is termed an 

 alkaline reaction and is tested by dipping in it a piece of red 

 litmus paper; this (when the fluid is normal in character) will im- 

 mediately turn blue in color and vice versa; should the urine 

 be acid, blue litmus paper will be turned red. It is not necessary" 

 in this work to enter into any extended description of urine tests 

 to diagnose the diseases which affect the urinary system of the 

 sheep, as these animals rarely suffer from such complaints, those 

 occurring generally being due to sabulous deposits' in the bladder, 

 or calculi in the kidneys and ureters, due to an excess of phos- 

 phates, caused by high-feeding, unnatiiral conditions, etc. 



Ncpbntis, Inflammation of the Kidneys. 



This disease has never been reported as an original lesion in 

 adult sheep. Steele gives an account of it occurring in lambs 

 newly born, recapitulating an address delivered on the subject 

 by Mr. Roger "Williams at a meeting of the Pathological Society 

 of London, April 6th, 1886, who states as follows: "The dis- 

 ease began soon after being 'wet born,' with difficulty in'walldng, 

 the new-born falling down and lying down on one side, some- 



