DISEASES OP THE UEINAEY SYSTEM. 197 



times with choreoid movements, without loss of consciousness, 

 without difficulty in breathing or cough. They may linger on 

 for two or three weeks, but in the end always die. Sucking was 

 not impaired nor the appetite. The disease may terminate in 

 joint evil, with pus in the joints and all along the spine. The 

 disease occurred on heavy clay soil, and in the lambing season the 

 east wind was cold and nipping. At all events, it was found that 

 if a ram served only ten ewes, the progeny was vigorous and did 

 not become affected with the disease. 



"The urine was albuminous and acid; there were no renal 

 casts, crystals, pus or blood. The capsules of the kidneys stripped 

 off easily, exposing a surface studded with congested stellate 

 veins. The cortex was swollen and soft, pale and yellowish in 

 color, whilst the pyramids were firm and deep red in color. The 

 disease was aciite tubal nephritis. The interstitial tissue was 

 normal — nothing abnormal was detected in any of the organs, 

 and the spinal cord was healthy. Some of the lambs were born 

 with the disease and soon succumbed." 



Renal Calculi. 



• Stony deposits in the pelvis of the kidneys and in the 

 ureters. These deposits are generally the cause of urinary dis- 

 eases in sheep. They are mostly composed of phosphate of 

 lime, and seem to be due to an excess of dry food, as sheep at 

 pasture are seldom affected with this complaint. "When these 

 calculi occtir in the kidneys they seldom cause any appreciable 

 disturbance, but their lodgment in the iireters, which would tend 

 to cause a retention of urine, would be followed by grave results. 

 These cases are very rare, however. As seen in the bladder, 

 they appear harmless, their effects being marked when they caiise 

 a stoppage of the urethra, in which case an excessive inflamma- 

 tion of tissue and extravasation of urine results, which speedily 

 proves fatal. 



