ORANGES AND LEMONS IN THE EIVIERA. 485 



gray beneath, a little darker above, the abdomen is well furnished 

 with hairs, the under part of the wings is a brilliant ash-gray. The 

 upper wings are fringed only at their extremity and on the inner side. 

 Their general shade is lees of wine, with metallic luster, two light de- 

 signs cross them. When its wings are spread this color is brighter, 

 but the design fades and nearly disappears if the insect is long on the 

 wing. The under wings have a darker shade above than below, their 

 fringe is long, especially the outeredge,adark lineseparates the fringe 

 from the rest of the wing. The legs are an even gray, something the 

 shade of the under part of body and wings ; with wings spread the 

 Ephestia gnidiella measures about O^.OIS, while the Acrolepia citri 

 measures but 0".010 or 0°'.012. Professor Penzig thinks it has but 

 two generations. The discovery of the larvae of these insects in the 

 heaps made by the cocci raises the question, yet unsettled, whether 

 they feed upon the latter, and so are not wholly harmful. 



Uupithecia pumilata {R. G.). — A geometride larger than the Ephestia. 

 As the butterfly varies in its markings so the larvae of this insect vary 

 so much as to make detailed description difficult Its body is cylindri- 

 cal; six true legs appear, but those on the tenth ring and on the twelfth 

 and last are false. The body is yellow-green, with black lines on the 

 sides. In the middle of the back a longitudinal line from which, on each 

 ring, a line runs at right angles down the sides ; the body is covered 

 with thinly-scattered hairs. The chrysalis, yellow-brown, is quite 

 slender. 



The specimens of the butterfly that I have raised are a grey-yellow 

 color, brighter beneath than above. The eyes are large and greenish. 

 The under wings are marbled, with little irregular blackish spots. They 

 are notched in the back part and have a darker line serving as base to 

 the fringe. The upper wings, larger and darker, have the same dark 

 line. On their field there are, besides the spots which the under wing 

 bears, designs lighter and darker. 



The diptera are represented by one small fly, in color blue, striped 

 with yellow, which lives in its larva state in the pulps of the oranges. 

 It is the cerutitis hispanica (B). M. Peragallo could find nothing more 

 detailed than this fact noted by Colonel Goureau. 



Of coleoptera, the curculio-otior-hynchus meridionalis, which attacks 

 the young shoots of the olive, is equally fond of the orange-tree, and 

 all lemons which fall on the ground in damp places are pretty t-ure to 

 contain more or less of the dark yellow carpophilus mutilatus, and to 

 show the small, round hole in its skin by which entrance was effected. 

 To obtain a specimen, it is only necessary to squeeze the lemon, and the 

 carpophilus comes out with the juice, but not wet by it. 



The MorpMe or Fumagine. — After years of study and discussion of 

 this disease, which gives the leaves of a grove the appearance of being 

 coated with soot, scientists have united in the belief, well founded, that 

 it is due to the liquid excrement of one of the cocci in which germs of 



