OLIVES IN MALAGA AND TURKEY^ 721 



remainder being used in Spain. The principal cities from which oil is 

 exported are : Malaga, Sevilla, Valencia, and Barcelona, the last two, 

 however, only in a limited quantity. 



The crop of 1882-'83 in Andalusia is considered a good one regarding 

 quantity as well as quality. 



According to private notes, about 1,426,000 arrobas were brought into 

 Malaga by railway from July 1, 1882, up to May 31, 1883, of which 

 about 1,012,000 arrobas were again exported. There was on the 31st 

 of May, 1883, some 414,000 arrobas as stock on hand in Malaga. 



The largest exports were made to the following countries, viz : Ger- 

 many, 386,400 arrobas ; England, 276,000 arrobas ; France, 156,400 ar- 

 robas ; United States and South America, 55,200 arrobas. 



It is not possible to give an accurate estimate of the quantity of oil 

 entering Malaga by beasts of burden, the largest part of which is con- 

 sumed in the town (the daily consumption being about 500 arrobas) ; 

 thus some 138,000 arrobas may have been brought into Malaga during 

 the eleven months preceding May 31, 1883, forming a total (with the 

 above-mentioned 1,426,000 arrobas) of 1,564,000 arrobas. Prices during 

 the said period ruled from 30 to 35 reals vellon per arroba in store, the 

 market having been depressed since the end of March, 1883. 



H. 0. Maeston, 



Consul. 



United States Consulate, 



Malaga, March 28, 1884. 



TURKEY. 



REPORT BY OONSUL-QENERAL BBSP. OF CONSTANTINOPLE. 

 [Kepublished from Consnlar Eeports, No. 41i.] 



Varieties. — Through cultivation an olive slip becomes in twenty to 

 twenty -five years a tree of from twenty to forty feet in height. Tbekind 

 known in the Levant as the " thafnoyah " produces the fruit best suited 

 for the table, and it is generally grafted. When grafted they give fruit 

 in three or four years, but when planted in slips they seldom boar fruit 

 in less than iifteen years, and the best results are not obtained until 

 they have reached the age of from twenty to twenty-five years. Other 

 descriptions are grown more especially with a view to the manufact- 

 ure of oil for exportation and domestic consumption. 



Cultivation. — As a rule the olives grown in this country receive little 

 cultivation after the young trees reach maturity. At the end of autumn 

 or early in winter a trench of 2 to 3 feet in diameter and from 18 to 27 

 inches in depth is dug round each young tree and filled with animal 

 manure more or less rich according to the age and strength of the tree. 

 The manure is well covered with soil so as to prevent its being disturbed 



