38 SUB-ALPINE PLANTS 



CiRCiNATE, curled up. 



Claw, the narrowed part at the base of a petal. 



Cleistogamous flowers are those which never open and are self- 

 fertilised ; very rare among Alpine plants. 



Club-shaped, cylindrical, but becoming larger towards the apex. 



Cohesion, the union of similar parts of a flower ; cf. Adhesion. 



Cone, the scaly fruit of the Conifer cb or Pine family. 



Conical, cone-shaped. 



Coniferous, appUed to the Pine and Fir family, which bear cones. 



Convolute, rolled together. 



Cordate, heart-shaped. 



Coriaceous, firm and tough like leather. 



CoRM, a bulb-shaped, modified and swollen underground stem, in 

 which reserve material is stored ; e.g. a Crocus corm. 



Corolla, the petals of a flower considered as a whole. 



Corona, a circular rim within the corolla or perianth, such as the 

 ' trumpet ' of a Daffodil. 



Cotyledons, the first pair of seed-leaves. 



Crenate, appUed to leaves with obtuse, rounded teeth, such as 

 those of Violet and Ground Ivy. 



Cryptogamic, plants reproduced by spores, like Ferns and Mosses, 

 in which the stamens and pistils are wanting. 



CuNEATE or Cuneiform, wedge-shaped ; i.e. broadest above the 

 middle and tapering towards the base. 



Cuspidate, imperceptibly lengthened into a sharp point. 



Cuticle, the outer skin of an animal or plant. 



Cyme, an inflorescence in which the flowers are produced in suc- 

 cessive, lateral axes ; e.g. Myosotis, Lychnis. 



Deciduous, applied to plants, and especially trees, whose leaves 



are shed each autumn. 

 Decurrent, applied to leaves which run down the stem. 

 Dehiscent, applied to fruits which open at one or more points to 



allow the seed to escape. 

 Dichotamous, appUed to a stem, branch, panicle, or cyme which 



is forked again and again. 

 Dicotyledon, a plant having two seed-leaves ; cf. Monocotyledon. 

 Digitate leaves are those whose lobes are disposed like the fingers 



of the hand, but from one centre, as in Lupine. 

 Dicecious plants are those having stamens and pistils in separate 



flowers on different plants. 

 Disc, the central part of a capitulum of Composite ; also the glan- 

 \ -'-^ dular space above the receptacle of some flowers. 

 Drupe, a fleshy, indehiscent fruit containing a stone in which the 



seed is enclosed ; e.g. a cherry. 



Ebracteate, without bracts. 



