COMPOSITE 169 



Gnaphalium norvegicum Gunner. 



Perhaps a sub-species of G. sylvaticum L. Stem simple, erect, 

 6-12 inches high, very leafy. Leaves lanceolate, densely tomentose, 

 especially/ beneath, 3-nerved, lengthened into a petiole ; stem- 

 leaves half as long as the lower leaves. Involucre! bracts dark 

 brown. Capitula in simple compact spikes. 



Alpine pastures and woods between 4000 and 7800 feet. July, 

 August. 



Distribution. — Alps, Vosges, Auvergne, Pyrenees, Scandinavia, 

 Scotland. 



Gnaphalium sylvaticum L. (Plate IV.) 



Stock tufted, with stalked, lanceolate leaves. Stems nearly 

 simple, 3-10 inches high, erect, cottony, and leafy. Leaves linear, 

 cottony. Flower-heads small, ovoid or cylindrical, in little clusters 

 in the axils of the leaves, forming a long, leafy spike. Involucres 

 with brown, shining bracts. 



Open woods, moors, and pastures from the plains to the Alps. 

 July to September. 



Distribution. — Central and Northern Europe, and all round the 

 Arctic Circle. British. 



Antennaria Gaertner. 

 Antennaria dioica Gaertn. {Gnaphalium dioicum L.). (Plate XIII.) 



Similar to A. carpatica, but whiter, with creeping stolons and 

 oboval, spathulate leaves ; the upper ones only are lanceolate. The 

 capitula are white, broad, obtuse, and spreading in the male, and 

 red and acuminate in the female. Stems 2-8 inches high, leafy. 



Mountain pastures and rocks in Central, Southern, and Arctic 

 Europe, descending occasionally to nearly sea-level in the British 

 Isles, and attaining 9400 feet in the Alps. Also found in Russian 

 Asia and North America. 



A useful creeping plant for covering rocks and stones ; it likes 

 plenty of limestone. 



Artemisia L. Worniwood. 



Capitula small, few-flowered in racemes or panicles. Involucral 

 bracts in few rows, margins scarious. Receptacle very narrow. 

 Flowers all tubular, outer female, inner male or perfect. No 

 pappus. Bitter or arorhatic herbs, often somewhat shrubby. 



A numerous genus extending over nearly the whole of the northern 

 hemisphere from the Arctic regions to the borders of the tropics. 

 Several are high Alpine species, and known collectively as Genippi 

 in France and Switzerland. They do not descend to the sub-Alps, 

 but sometimes in that zone we find ^. vulgaris, A. Absinthium, and 

 A, campestris from the plains and also : 



