176 SUB-ALPINE PLANTS 



meter. Flowers orange-red or rarely yellow. Involucral bracts 

 tinged with purple entirely or only at the tip, woolly at the base. 

 Alpine and sub -alpine meadows and pastures; local. June, 

 July. 



Distribution.- — Carpathians ; Eastern, Central, and Western 

 Alps. In Switzerland on some of the southern calcareous Alps. 



S. alpestris DC. (Cineraria alpesiris Hoppe). 



Stem erect, 10-18 inches high, umbellate at the summit, with 

 3 or more capitula, covered like the leaves with long wool and 

 short, thickish hairs. Leaves entire, wavy or toothed, ovate, run- 

 ning into the leaf-stalk, obtuse ; upper leaves linear-lanceolate, 

 sessile, acute. Peduncles of the capitula naked. Outer ligulate 

 flowers radiate, yellow, but often wanting. Ovary and achenes 

 glabrous. 



Alpine and sub-alpine pastures and meadows ; frequent. June, 

 July. 



Distribution. — Carpathians, Eastern Alps. 



S. campesiris DC, S. integrifolius Clairv. [Cineraria campestris'Rei.z). 



Stem erect, simple, 6 inches to 2 feet high. Root-leaves stalked, 

 oblong or ovate ; stem-leaves longer and narrower, all entire or 

 slightly crenate, covered with a loose, cottony wool on the vmder 

 side, like the stems. Flower-heads few, in a small terminal umbel, 

 the peduncles starting from nearly the same point. Achenes 

 downy. Flowers pale yellow. 



Dry pastures and meadows, especially on limestone mountains 

 such as those of the Jura ; very local. July. 



Distribution. — Jura, Maritime Alps, Southern Jura of Vaud 

 only in Switzerland, Prussia, Central and Eastern Europe ; rare 

 in England. 



S. spathulifolius DC. [Cineraria spaihulifolia Gmel.). 



A taller, cottony plant. Stem erect, simple, hollow, more or less 

 covered with cottony wool like the leaves. Root-leaves oval, 

 almost truncate at the base, or sometimes suddenly contracted 

 into a broad-winged petiole; stem-leaves narrowed into a broad 

 clasping petiole, upper ones lanceolate, sessile, and smaller. Achenes 

 brownish, hispid with snow-white pappus. 



This species closely resembles the last, but it grows in marshy 

 places and mountain bogs. June. 



Distribution. — In Switzerland widely spread but rather rare, 

 and it is commoner in the central Jura district.* 



1 Godet, F/ore dujura (1853), p. 362. 



