i84 SUB-ALPINE PLANTS 



broadly triangular and very large, amplexicaul and acutely 

 auricled. Involucral bracts in several rows, few. Flowers blue or 

 light purplish blue. Fruit beaked with a crest of bristles. Pappus- 

 hairs soft, slender, silvery. 



Damp, shady, bushy or rocky places, particularly in the Rhodo- 

 dendron and Alder zone, as shown in the picture. July. 



Distribution. — Alps, Pyrenees, Jura, etc. Central and Northern 

 Europe as far north as Scandinavia and the Scotch Highlands. 



Mulgedium Plumieri DC. 



Stem 2-5 feet high, erect, green, glabrous, branched near the top 

 into a loose umbellate cyme. Leaves glabrous, like the whole plant, 

 lyrate-pinnatifid, with very deep segments, amplexicaul, with 

 broad, rounded auricles. Flowers blue, larger than in alfinum. 

 Achenes grejdsh, elliptic, compressed, with 5 ribs on each face. 

 Capitula few, shortly stalked. 



Similar situations, but much less common than the last. 



Distribution. — Western Switzerland, Vosges, Black Forest, 

 Western Alps (of Savoy and Dauphin^), Cevennes, Pyrenees. 

 Spain. 



Crepis L. 



Capitula small, usually numerous, panicled or corymbose, rarely 

 solitary. Involucral bracts numerous, in several rows, with a few 

 outer scales. Receptacle flat, naked. Flowers yellow, orange, or 

 rarely purpHsh. Fruit striated. Pappus -hairs in many rows, 

 simple. Branched herbs with few-leaved stems. A numerous genus. 



Crepis aurea Cass. (Plate XIX.) 



Scape 4-6 inches high, erect, simple, leafless, except for a few 

 leafy bracts, with a solitary terminal capitulum ; or rarely divided 

 into 2 or 3 branches, each ending in a capitulum ; pubescent and 

 even glandular at the summit, glabrous below. Leaves glabrous, 

 but towards the summit covered, like the involucre, with black, 

 woolly but not glandular hairs. Radical leaves in rosettes, up to 

 3 inches long, ovate-lanceolate, deeply dentate or pinnatifid, sessile, 

 with base narrowed into a leaf-stalk, persistent. Stem-leaves very 

 small, linear, entire, or altogether wanting. Style yellow, black 

 when dry. Achenes with 20 furrows, narrowed into a beak towards 

 apex. Pappus pure white. Flowers orange-red, darker on the 

 under side. 



Abundant in Alpine and sub-alpine pastures, up to 9000 feet. 

 July, August. 



Distribution. — Carpathians, Eastern, Central, and Western Alps ; 

 Jura ; Apennines. 



Crepis incarnata Tausch. 



Scape 6-12 inches high, leafless, branched at the top into a 



