194 SUB-ALPINE PLANTS 



Grows rapidly in gritty loam, but hates lime. Sometimes a little 

 peat will improve the growth. 



Campanula hononiensis L. 



A tall spiky species with usually simple stem, which is very leafy 

 and almost tomentose. Leaves green, downy beneath ; lower 

 leaves shortly petioled, cordate ; upper ones sessile and becoming 

 narrower and narrower. Flowers small, blue-violet, very shortly 

 stalked, in clusters at the junction of the bracts and stem and form- 

 ing a long spike. Sepals linear-lanceolate, spreading. Capsule 

 pendent. 



Mountain woods in the sub-Alps ; very local. June, July. A 

 frequent plant in the Chestnut zone of the Italian Maritime Alps. 



Distribution. — Southern Switzerland ; Western, Central (?), and 

 Eastern Alps, Caucasus, Siberia. 



Campanula rhomhoidalis L. (Plate XXIV.) 



Stem erect, slender, leafy above, i-i| feet high. Raceme more 

 or less unilateral, 3-5 flowered. Leaves all sessile, ovate-lanceolate, 

 dentate, glabrous or slightly hairy. Flowers blue, pendent. Calyx- 

 teeth linear or subulate, two-thirds length of corolla. 



Meadows, borders of woods in the Alps and sub-Alps ; abimdant 

 and often in great masses. June to August. 



Distribution. — Carpathians, Eastern, Central, and Western Alps, 

 Jura, Pyrenees, Spain. 



Campanula rapunculoides L. 



Erect stems, 1-3 feet high. Lower leaves heart-shaped, on long 

 stalks ; upper ones small, ovate-lanceolate. Flowers drooping, 

 blue, varying in size, single in the axils of the leaves, and forming 

 long, terminal, simple and more or less unilateral racemes. Cap- 

 sules nearly globular. Calyx-lobes narrow-lanceolate. 



Open woods, borders of roads, etc., from the plains to at least 

 5000 feet. June, July. 



Distribution. — Most of Europe, except the Mediterranean region, 

 Caucasus, Asia Minor. British. 



Campanula Trachelium L. Nettle-leaved BeU-flower. 



Very variable, sometimes approaching smaller specimens of 

 C. latifolia, and sometimes with the upper flowers clustered to 

 resemble C. glomerata. Lower leaves broadly heart-shaped, on 

 long stalks, coarsely toothed ; upper ones small, ovate-lanceolate. 

 Flowers large, 2 or 3 together in short, leafy racemes, or sometimes 

 soHtary. Calyx-teeth broadly lanceolate, hairy. 



Woods, ravines, and roadsides from the plains to the lower Alps. 

 June to September. 



Distribution. — Europe, Western Asia, and right across Siberia, 

 N. Africa. But most common in Western Europe. British. 



