INTEODUOTION. 



IX 



Table showing Succession and Classification of Strata in the Fayum. 



(Slightly modified from the Table given by Mr. Beadnell in his Report on the Topography and Geology of Fayum Province, pp. 34-35.) 



RECENT 



and 



PLEISTOCENE. 



Approximate 

 average thicknesa 

 in metres, north 

 par^ of Fayiim. 



Alluvial soil, clays, sands, &c. 



Blown sand. 



Lacustrine clays extending to 23 metres above sea-level {a in Section). 



miDDLE 

 PLIOCENE. 



50 



Gravel terraces (? Pleistocene). 

 Shell-boring on rook-surfaces. 

 Possiliferous deposits of Sidmant. 



LOWER 

 OLIGOCENE. 



u 



n 



o 



EH 



30 



Fluvio-marine Beds (Jehel-el-Qatrani Beds). — Sandstones and sandstone-grits with 

 silicified trees. (2 in Section.) 



Basalt sheets, interbedded and contemporaneous. (3 in SecKon.) 



UPPER 

 EOCENE. 



1 



MIDDLE 

 EOCENE. 



Pi 



250 



Fluvio-marine Series (4 in Section). — Variegated sands, sandstones, clays, and 

 marls, with limestone-grits and thin bands of limestone. In the lower beds ot 

 this Series are large numbers of silicified trees associated with vertebrate remains, 

 including; — Arsinoitherium zitteli, A. andrewsi, Saghaiherium antiquum, S. minus, 

 S. magmim, S. majv.s, Megalohyrax eoccenus, M. minor, Palce.omastochn beadnelli, 

 P. wintoni, P. parvus, P. minor, Mceriiherium (?) lyonsi., M. trigonodon, Phiomia 

 serridens, Ancodon gorringei, A. parvus, A. sp., Shagatlierium cegyptiacum, 

 Qeniohyus mirus, O. fajumensis, 6. major, Hymnodon sp., Pterodon aj'ricanus, 

 Apterodon macrognathus, Sinopa efhiopica, Eremopezus eoccenus, Crocodilus articeps, 

 C. megarhinus, Tomistoma gavialoides, Testudo ammon, T. beadnelli, T. isis, 

 Stereogenys lihyca, Podocnemis fajumensis, P. blanckenhorni with var. ovatu, Pelo- 

 medusa progaleata, Aetobatis sp. 



155 



50 



130 



Qasr-el-SagJia Series (Carolia Beds) (5 in Section). — Alternating limestones, marls, 

 ciays, and sandstones. The vertebrate remains include : — Mceriiherium lyonsi, 

 M. gracile, Barytherium grave, Eosiren libyca, Zeuglodon osiris, Crocodilus sp., 

 Tomistoma africanum, PsepTiopTiorus eoccenus, Thalassochelys libyca, Podocnemis 

 antiqua, P. stromeri and var. major, Stereogenys cromeri, S. podoenemioides, 

 OigantopJiis garstini, Pterosphenus schweinfwrthi, Fajumia schweinfurthi, Soenopcea 

 grandis, Pristis fajumensis, P. ingens, Eopristis reinachi, Proprisiis schweinfurthi, 

 Ifyliobatis sp., Oarcharodon sp. 



Birket-el-Qurun Series {Operculina-Nummulite Beds) (6 in Section). — Sandstones 

 and clays, with sandy limestones and one or more well-marked concretionary 

 sandstones weathering into large globular masses. The chief vertebrate fossils 

 are : — Eocetvs schweinfurthi, Prozeuglodon atrox, and (?) Zeuglodon isis, Tomistoma 

 kerunense, Saurocephalus fajumensis, Enchodus sp., Ooelorhynchus sp., Proqym- 

 nodon /uZjrgndor^, a Polypterid fish, Oxyrhina spp.,? Alopecias sp., Lamna verticalis, 

 L. sp., (?) Odontaspis aschersoni, Odontaspis spp., Oarcharodon sp., Eemipristis 

 curvatus, Galeocerdo cegyptiacus, Alopiopsis sp., Aprionodon frequens, Priono- 

 dcn sp., Carcharias spp., Proprisiis schweinfurthi, (?) Eopristis reinachi, 

 Amblypristis cheops, Myliobatis latidens, M. fraasi, M. dixoni, M. aeutus 

 M. oweni, M. spp. 



Ravine Beds (7 in Section). — White marls and marly limestones with remains of 

 large Zeuglodons and scales and teeth of fishes. 



Wadi Rayan Series {Nammulites gizehensis Beds). — Limestones, marls, clays, ifec. 



