PSEPHOPHOEtrS EOC^NTJS.— TESTUDO. 277 



Sphargis, and is referred to a member of that genus, at least provisionally, until further 

 remains are found. 



C. 10028. Left humerus. Type specimen described and figured in Geol. Mag. [4] vol. viii. (1901) 

 pp. 440-441, fig. 3. The distal end is imperfect, and the whole bone is somewhat 

 abraded at the angles. The dimensions (in centimetres) are : — 



Length, so far as preserved 19 



Width of head . • 4 



„ at upper end 7"3 



Least width of shaft above radial process 4*4 



„ „ below radial process 4-2 



E. 3017. Plaster cast of the above specimen. Made in the British Museum. 



E. 3352. Proximal half of a humerus, much sand-worn. 



Suborder THECOPHORA. 



Division A. ORYPTODIRA. 



Family TESTUDINID^. 



Genus TESTUDO, Linnaeus. 

 [Syst. Nat. vol. i. (1766) p. 350.] 



Neural bones usually alternately tetragonal and octagonal, but sometimes hexagonal. 

 Costal bones alternately wider and narrovs^er. Suture between the marginal and costal 

 bones and shields usually coinciding ; supracaudal shield usually single. Plastron 

 extensively united to the carapace by suture, with short axillary and inguinal buttresses 

 which do not reach, or only just touch, the costal bones ; entoplastron usually in front 

 of the humero-pectoral suture. 



One of the most remarkable features of the fauna of the Fluvio-marine beds of the 

 Fayum is the number of giant Land-Tortoises, probably of several species, that must 

 have existed during the period at which they were deposited. A considerable number 

 of shells, some in a perfect condition of preservation, have been collected, mostly by 

 Mr. Beadnell. The greater number of these specimens belong to the species Testudo 

 ammon, already described in brief; other species, less satisfactorily known, will be 

 noticed below. 



