514 BOTANY. 



C. pumilui, the Pasture Thistle, and 0. horridulus, the Yellow Thistle, 

 are indigenous. 



Tribe 4:. A.rctotideOB, — Flowers partly tubular (forming a central 

 disk), and partly ligulate (forming rays to the head). Natives of 

 Africa and Australia. 



Tribe 5. Calendlllncew. — Similar to the ijreceding. Natives 

 mostly of Africa and Asia. 



Tribe 6, Setiecioniilete. — Heads mostly with disk and ray flow- 

 ers. 



Arnica montana, a perennial of Europe and Siberia, from which the 

 ■officinal Arnica flowers and roots are derived. 



Senecio scandens, of the Cape of Good Hope, is cultivated as a house 

 plant under the name of German Ivy. 



Many other species of thia genus are cultivated — e.g., the so-called 

 Cinerarias, Cacalia, Farfugium, etc. Some of the species are common 

 weeds. 



Bedfordia snliciiui, a native of Tasmania, attains a height of four to 

 five metres (15 ft.). Its wood is hard, and is much i^rized for cabinet 

 work on account of its beautiful grain. 



Tribe 7. Antliemidece. — Heads mostly -with disk and ray flow- 

 «rs. 



Artemisia Absinlhium, the Common Wormwood of Europe, is cul- 

 tivated in old gardens as a domestic remedy. In Europe an alcoholic 

 extract called Absinthe is used as an intoxicating beverage. Some 

 species in the Rocky Mountain region are tall shrubs, and are called 

 Sage Brush. They furnish a valuable fuel. 



Anthemis vohilis, Chamomile, and Tanacctum tiulgare. Tansy, of 

 Europe, are well Isnowu domestic herbs. 



Chrysanthemum rosenm, from Persia, C. Indicvm, from China, and 

 C. coruuarium, from North Africa, are the originals of the Chrysanthe- 

 mums so common in flower-gardens. 



0. Leucanthemtim, the Ox Eye Daisy, is a most difficult weed to eradi- 

 cate. 



Tribe 8. HeleiiioitJecc. — Heads mostly with disk and ray flowers. 



To this belong the so-called French or African Marigolds, Tngetes, of 

 several species, cultivated in flower gardens. They are in reality na- 

 tives of tropical America. 



Tribe 0, Helianthoideve. — Heads mostly with disk and ray 

 flowers. 



Dahlia variabilis and one or two other species from Mexico, are the 

 original forms of the Dahlias of the flower-gardens. 



Zinnia- elegans, of Mexico, is the well known Zinnia of the gardens. 



Coreopsis, of several Arkansas and' Texas species, are grown under 

 the name of Calliopsis. 



Uelianthiis annuvs, the Common Sunflower, is a native of the Texan 

 •and Mexican regions. Aside from its ornamental use, its oily seeds are 



