136 Shells as evidence of the Migrations. 



considerable confidence be correlated with those found in 

 the valley of La Vezere, at Laugerie-Basse, Cro-Magnon, 

 Gourdan, and Chancelade. Villeneuve* records, amongst 

 other shells, one Cyprma, from an occupation level (Foyer 

 D), 3m. 15. from the surface, in La Grotte des Enfants. 

 The specific name, unfortunately, is not given. On the 

 same level a remarkable find was made of Cassis rnfa, an 

 Indian Ocean shell.^' 



At Barma Grande, another of the Mentone Caves, 

 various kinds of ornaments of teeth and bone, and perfor- 

 ated shells oi Nassa neriiea, were found, in 1892, near the 

 head of one of the skeletons discovered there ; but the 

 most interesting and remarkable find was that "on each 

 thigh bone above the knee was a perforated cowry."*'' The 

 body is said to be that of an old man. It is of interest 

 to note that all the skulls found here are stated to be of 



■" " Les Grottes de GrimalJi (Baousse — Rousse),"' Tome i., Fasc. i. 

 " Hi.'storique et Description." By M. L. de Villeneuve (p. 65). (Impn- 

 merie de Monaco, 1906). 



*i Ibid,, Tome i. Fasc. 2. "Geologic et Paleontologie." Ky I'lof. 

 Marcellin Boiile (p. 123) ; In a footnote to this page, G. Dollfus remarks : 

 " Cassis rnfa L., an Indian Ocean ihell, is represented in tlie collection at 

 Monaco by two fragments ; one was found in the lower habitation level D ; 

 the other is probably of the same origin. The presence of this shell is 

 extraordinary as it has no analogue in the Mediterranean, neither recent 

 nor fossil ; there e.xists no species in the North Atlantic or off Senegal with 

 which it could be confounded. The fragments have the traces of the reddish 

 colour preserved and are not fossil ; one of them presents a notch which 

 has determined a hole that seems to have been made intentionally. The 

 species has not yet been found in the Gulf of .Suez nor in ihe raised-beaches 

 of the Isthmus. M. Jousseaume has found it in the Gulf of Tadjoura at 

 Aden, but it has not yet been encountered in the Red Sea nor in the raised- 

 beaches of that region. The common habitat of Cassis riifa is Socotra, 

 besides the Seychelles, Madagascar, Mauritius, New Caledonia and perhaps 

 Tahiti. The fragments iliscovered at Mentone have therefore been brought 

 from a great distance, at a very ancient epoch, by prehistoric man."' 



<■- Munro, " Palteolithic Man and Terramara Settlements in Europe." 

 Edinburgh, 1912, p. 163. [At p. 235, perforated teeth and shells, N'assa, 

 Cypitea, Pectunculus, etc., are mentioned as being found at the Rock-shelter 

 of Cap-Blanc (Laussel), Dordogne]. 



