GERMINATION AND GROWTH 33 
perceptible in germinating seeds and young leaves, in buds 
and flowers, where active work is going on. Hence, in this 
condition they consume proportionately larger quantities 
of oxygen and liberate correspondingly larger quantities of 
carbon dioxide, with a proportionate increase of heat. In 
some of the arums, — calla lily, Jack-in-the-pulpit, colo- 
casia, etc., —and in large heads of composite, like the sun- 
flower, where a great number of small flowers are brought 
together within the same protecting envelope, the rise of 
temperature is sometimes so marked that it may be per- 
ceived by placing a flower cluster against the cheek. 
Practical Questions 
1. What is charcoal? (28.) 
2. Is any of this substance contained in the seed? in the flour and 
meal made from seed? (28; Exp. 25.) 
3. What combination takes place when the cook lets the stove get too 
hot and burns the biscuits? (27, 28.) 
4. Of what does the burned part consist? (28.) What was it before 
it was burned? (27, 28). 
5. Which burns the more readily, an oily seed or a starchy one? 
Which leaves the more solid matter behind? (Suggestion: test by put- 
ting a bean, or a large grain of corn, and an equal quantity of the kernel 
of a Brazil nut on the end of apiece of wire and thrusting into a flame.) 
6. Is there any rational ground for the statement that the wooden 
buildings formerly used on Southern plantations as cotton ginneries were 
sometimes destroyed through spontaneous combustion due to the heat 
generated by piles of decaying cotton seed? (Exp. 25, Note.) 
Il. CONDITIONS OF GERMINATION 
Marertau. — Several ounces each of various kinds of seed. For the 
softer kinds, pea, bean, corn, oats, wheat are recommended; for those 
with harder coverings, squash, castor bean, apple, pear, or, where ob- 
tainable, cotton; for still harder kinds, persimmon and date seeds, or the 
stones of plum and cherry. 
AppLiancEs. — 1 dozen common earthenware plates for germinators; 
1 dozen two-ounce wide-mouthed bottles; 2 common glass tumblers; 
clean sand, sawdust, or cotton batting, for bedding; a double boiler; a 
gas burner, or a lamp stove. 
