204 PRACTICAL COURSE IN BOTANY 
capitate (that is, round and knoblike) stigma. Make cross 
and vertical sections of one of the older pistils lower down 
on the stem. Howmany 
ovules does it contain? 
How are they attached ? 
Represent the position 
of the pistil by a small 
circle in the center of 
your sketch of the sep- 
arate parts. You have 
now a complete ground 
plan of the flower. Dia- 
gram a vertical section, 
as in Fig. 289, showing 
Fic. 289. — Section of a tomato flower, show- 
ing the hypogynous arrangement: cz, calyx; the position of the ovary 
c, corolla; s, stamens; p, pistil; v, ovary, st, With reference to the 
stigma. (T'wice natural size.) other parts, antl report 
in your notebook as to the following points : — 
Numerical plan Presence or absence of parts 
Symmetry Union of parts 
Regularity (complete or bilateral) Position of ovary 
II. DISSECTION OF TYPES WITH INFERIOR OVARY 
MarerraL. — For monocotyls: in spring and early summer, iris, snow- 
flake, freesia, crocus, narcissus, daffodil, can be used; in autumn, gladiolus, 
blackberry lily, fall crocus, star grass (Hypoxys). For dicotyls: in spring, 
flowers of apple, pear, quince, gooseberry, squash, gourd, melon (with both 
male and female flowers); in late summer and autumn, fuchsia, evening 
primrose (Gnothera), willow-herb (Epilobium). 
221. Study of a monocotyl flower.— Compare with the 
specimens examined in the last section, a narcissus, snow- 
flake, or iris flower. What difference do you notice in the 
position of the ovary? Would you call it inferior (below the 
other parts) or superior (above them)? How was it in the 
lily and the hyacinth? If your specimen is an iris, notice 
that it is sessile in the axil of a large bract called a spathe, 
