CRYPTOGAMS 327 
of this expanded fruiting membrane that the class of mush- 
rooms we are considering gets its botanical name, Hymeno- 
mycetes, membrane fungi. The hymenium is not always 
borne on gills, but is arranged in various ways which serve 
as a convenient basis for distinguishing the different orders. 
In the tube fungi, to which the edible 
boletus belongs (Figs. 464, 465), the 
basidia are placed along the inside of 
little tubes that line the under side 
of the pileus, giving it the appear- 
ance of a honeycomb. In another 
order, the porcupine fungi, they are 
arranged on the outside of project- 
ing spines or teeth, while in the 
morelles they are held in little cups 
- Fia. 466.— Spore print of a 
or basins. gilled mushroom. 
376. Spore prints.— When the 
gills are ripe, they shed their spores in great abundance. 
Take up the pileus that was laid on paper, as directed under 
Material, on page 323, and examine 
the print made by the discharged 
spores; it will be found to give an 
exact representation of the under side 
of the pileus. 
377. The spores. — Notice the color 
of the spores as shown in the print. 
This is a matter of importance in dis- 
tinguishing gill-bearing fungi, which are 
divided into five sections according to 
the color of the spores. One source of 
J danger, at least, to mushroom eaters 
(Anita phalledes fen’ would be avoided if this difference was 
ing the broad pendent annu- always attended to, for the deadly 
Fee ree un at tye amanita (Amanita phalloides) and the 
base, c, and floccose patches almost equally dangerous fly mushroom 
on the pileus, left by the : 
breaking up of the volva. (A. muscaria) both have white spores, 
