374 
Strobile, 411. 
Strobiliaceous, 411. 
Style, 214. 
Succession, 327. 
Sugars, 3, 4, 204, 288. 
Summer spores, 360. 
Sundew, 210. 
Superior ovary, 218, 221, 225. 
Supernumerary buds, 158. 
Suppressed, 220. 
Survival of the fittest, 261. 
Suture, 216, 298, 299. 
Swarm spore, 349. 
Swelling of timber, 136. 
Symbiosis, 309, 382. 
Symmetrical flower, 219. 
Sympetalous, 211. 
Synearpous, 300. 
Synsepalous, 211. 
Systematic botany, see Appendix. 
Tangential cut, 132, 134. 
Tap root, 79. 
Teleutospore, 360. 
Tendril, 96, 97. 
Terminal bud, 145, 154. 
Testa, 14. 
Thallophytes, 333. 
Thallus, 333, 341, 343, 379, 380, 381, 385. 
Tillage, 76. 
Tissue, 60, 61. 
Toadstools, 367. 
Toxins, 345. 
Tracheids, 114, 117. 
Trailing, 95. 
Trama, 375. 
Transpiration, 179, 180. 
Trifoliolate, Figs., 215, 216. 
Trimerous, 217. 
Trimorphic, 270. 
Tuber, 106. 
Tumbleweeds, 23. 
Turgidity, 7. 
Turgor, 179. 
Twining, cause of, 98; Exp. 55. 
Twining stems, 96; Exp. 54. 
Type, 18, 260, 263, 265, 336, 411. 
INDEX 
Umbel, 161. 
Umbonate, 373. 
Underground stems, 104-107. 
Unicellular, 337. 
Unisexual, 267. 
Uredo, 359. 
Uredospore, 359, 360. 
Variation, 263, 264, 265. 
Vascular bundles, 111. 
Vascular cryptogams, 403, 411, 412. 
Vascular cylinder, 64. 
Vascular system, 111, 113, 335. 
Vegetative reproduction, 358. 
Veil, 371. 
Veins, 173-176. 
Venter, 391. 
Ventral, Figs. 390, 391. 
Vernation, 155. 
Vessels, 111. 
Vexillum, 238, 239. 
Vibrio, 348. 
Vitality of seeds, 34; Exp. 30. 
Volva, 371. 
Water roots, 39, 84. 
Whorled leaves, 168. 
Wind pollination, 274, 275. 
Wings, 238, 
Winter spores, 360. 
Xerophyte, 317. 
Xerophyte societies, 317, 320-322. 
Xylem, 114, 116. 
Yeast, 356. 
Yeast colony, 357. 
Yellow trumpets, 209. 
Yucca, 278. 
Yucca moth, 278. 
Zonation, 325, 327. 
bilateral, 326. 
concentric, 326. 
horizontal, 326. 
vertical, 326. 
Zones of vegetation, 325, 
