i8o 



Sterilization and Disinfection 



The fumes of sulphur do some good, especially when combined with 

 steam, but are greatly overestimated in action and are very destructm 

 to furnishings, so that they are rapidly giving way to the more 

 satisfactory, less destructive, and equally germicidal formaldehyd 

 vapor. 



INHIBITION STRENGTHS OF VARIOUS ANTISEPTICS 

 (Adapted from Flugge, Leipzig, 1902) 



Anthrax Bacilli 



Other Bacteria 



Putrefactive 



Bacteria in 



Bouillon 



Acids 

 Sulphuric .... 

 Hydrochloric. 



1:3000 

 I : 3000 



Sulphurous 



Arsenous 



Boric 



Alkalies 

 Potass, hydrox. 



Choi. spir. 1 : 6000 

 B. diph. 1:3000 

 B. mallei 1:700 

 B. typh. 1:500 

 Choi. spir. 1 : 1000 



Ammon hydrox. 

 Calcium hydrox. 



Salts 

 Copper sulphate. 

 Ferric sulphate. . . 

 Mercuric chlorid. 

 Silver nitrate. . . . 



Potass, perman 



Halogens and Compounds 



Chlorin 



Bromin 



lodin 



Potass, iodid 



Sodium chlor 



Organic Compounds 



Ethyl alcohol 



Acetic and oxalic acids 



Carbolic acid 



Benzoic acid 



Salicylic acid 



Formalin (40% formaldehyd) 



Camphor 



Thymol 



Oil mentha pip 



Oil of terebinth 



Peroxid of hydrogen 



1:800 

 i: 700 



i: 700 



1 : 100,000 

 i: 60,000 



1:1500 

 1:1500 

 I : 5000 



1:60 



i: 12 



1:800 



I : 1000 

 1:1500 



1: 1000 

 1: 10,000 

 1:3000 

 1 : 8000 



B.diph. i:6qo 

 Choi. spir. 1:400 

 B. typh. 1:400 

 Choi. spir. 1 : 500 

 B. typh. 1:500 

 Choi. spir. 1 : 1 100 

 B. typh. 1: iioo 



B. typh. 1:60,000 



Choi, spir., 



B. typhosus 1 : 50,000 



B. diph. 1:500 

 B.typh. 1:400 

 Choi. spir. 1:600 



Choi. spir. 1 : 20,000 

 Staphyio. 1:5000 



1 : 6000 

 1: 200 

 1:100 



1 : 1000 

 1:90 

 1 : 20,000 



1:500 



I : 4000 

 1 : 2000 

 1 : 5000 

 1:7 



1:10 



1:40 



1:3500 



Formaldehyd is probably the best germicide that has yet been 

 recommended. Its use for the disinfection of rooms and hospital 

 wards was first suggested by Trillat* in 1892, but it did not make 

 * "Compte rendu de I'Acad. des Sciences," Paris, 1892. 



