2l6 



The Cultivation of Anaerobic Organisms 



stituted for the cotton stopper a sterile rubber cork containing a 

 long entrance and short exit tube of glass, passed hydrogen through 

 the tube until the oxygen had been entirely removed, then sealed the 

 ends in a flame. In this tube the growth of superficial and deep 

 colonies can be observed. Hansen and Liborius constructed special 



Fig. 62. — Novy's jars for anaerobic cultures. 



Fig. 63. — Frankel's 

 method of making 

 anaerobic cultures. 



Fig. 64. — ^Liborius' tube 

 for anaerobic cultures. 



tubes by fusing a small glass tube into the wall of a culture-tube, 

 and narrowing the upper part of the tube in a flame. After inocu- 

 lation, hydrogen is passed into the small tube and permitted to es- 

 cape through the mouth of the large tube until the air is entirely 

 replaced, after which both tubes are sealed in a flame. 

 Instead of having a special apparatus for each culture, it is far 



