CONTENTS 



PAGES. 



I. Nature and Relations of an Organism i-g. 



I. The constitution of living matter — 2. Arrangement of the components of 

 protoplasm — 3. Environmental conditions — 4. External forces to which protoplasm 

 reacts — 5- Reactions of protoplasm to internal forces — 6. Tonicity — 7. Critical 

 points in the action of external forces — 8. Rigor — g. Irritability — 10. Reactions 

 may be morphologic, or physiologic — 11. Motile reactions — 12. Mechanism of 

 irrito-motility — 13. Sensory organs and zones — 14. Transmission of impulses. 



II. Relations of Plants to Mechanical Forces 10-38. 



15. Mechanical shock — 16. Contractile reactions to shock — 17. Influence of me- 

 chanical shock upon the streaming movement of vegetative cells — 18. Motile reac- 

 tions of a higher plant to mechanical shock — ig. Rate of transmission of impulses, or 

 stimulus effects — 20. Structure and action of the motor organs — 21. Recovery of the 

 normal position after shock — 22. Sensory elements — 23. Method of transmission of 

 impulses in Mimosa and similar plants — 24. Repetition of stimuli — 25. Summation of 

 impulses — 26. Reactions of stamens of Opuntia to shock — 27. Accommodations of 

 Mimosa to repeated mechanical shock — 28. Influence of shock upon metabolic and 

 other processes — 29. Effect of shock upon transpiration — 30. Contact as a stimu- 

 lus — 31. Reactions to contact — 32. Determination of the character of the bodies 

 which may act as contact stimuli — 33. Transmission of impulses in tendrils — 34. 

 Tetanized condition of a tendril — 35. Localization of the perceptive zone — 36. 

 Summation of stimuli — 37. Measurement of the force of contraction — 38. Struc- 

 ture of a tendril — 39. Comparison of the irritability of tendrils and Mimosa — 40. 

 Contact reactions of Drosera — 41. Contact reactions of tendrils of Ampelopsis — 42. 

 Curvature of roots away from solid objects — 43. Compression, stretching, twisting, 

 and bending — 44. Changes in tendrils due to pressure — 43. Influence of stretching 

 forces — 46. Differentiation of embryonic tissues under compression — 47. Influence 

 of curvatures upon the origin and formation of secondary roots — 48. Wounds, les- 

 ions, and general mechanical injuries — 4g. Changes in roots stimulated traumatrop- 

 ically — 50. Movements of Mimosa in response to injury — 51. Repeated movements 

 in response to injury — 52. Traumatropic curvatures of tendrils — 53. Tissues formed 

 in response to injuries — 54. Formation of wound-cork and callus. 



III. Influence of Chemicals upon Plants 39-64. 



56. General chemical relations of the organism — 57. Oxygen — 58. Streaming 

 movements of protoplasm in the absence of oxygen — 59. Influence of carbon di- 

 oxide upon protoplasm — 60. Growth in oxygen — 61. Influence of illuminating 

 gas — 62. Effect of a vacuum upon seeds — 63. Influence of ammonia upon proto- 

 plasm — 64. Effect of ammonia vapor upon Mimosa — 65. Nature and action of 

 poisons — 66. Oxidizing poisons — 67. Starvation — 68. Oxidizing effects of potas- 

 sium permanganate — 69. Oxidizing effect of potassium chlorate — 70. Oxidizing 

 effect of Jiydrogen peroxide — 71. Catalytic poisons — 72. Effect of ether, and of 

 chloroform upon movement — 73. Effect of chloroform upon Mimosa — 74. 

 Effect of chloroform upon Oxalis leaves — 75. Degree of molecular complexity, 

 and intensity of poisonous action — 76. Nature and action of anaesthetics — 77. Poisons 

 which form salts — 78. Toxic action of substances in an ionic condition — 79.' Toxic 

 action of hydrochloric acid — 80. Toxic action of silver nitrate — 81. Effect of oxalic 



