190 LEGISLATION ON TORRENTS. 



time in the Puy-de-D6me, is sowing at hap-hazard on short heath, or after 

 ecobuage if the heath be too high. But this system is not practicable every- 

 where. The method of sowing most usually employed is sowing in rows, 

 or in holes, according to circumstances. In both cases much disturb- 

 ance of the soil is to be avoided. 



" The quantities of seeds neeessary are, for the oak and chesnut, 6 to 10 

 double decalitres ; for resineous seeds of small size, 10 to 12 kilogrammes, 

 on ordinary land, and a third more if. the conditions be unfavourable; for 

 the Austrian pine, 12 to 15 kilogrammes; for the maritime pine, 20 to 25. 



" The most favourable time for sowing is the autumn for broad-leaved 

 trees, and spring for the resinous. 



" The spring sowing should be as early as possible in February or March. 

 The cost of hand-labour is, for sowing in handes, from 30 to 35 francs, per 

 hectare ; and for sowing in potets, from 25 to 30. Eeforestiug in resinous 

 seeds costs on an average, in central regions, 70 or 80 francs per hectare. 



At Foix, the members of the conference were of opinion, that the choice 

 of trees depending essentially on the nature of the land, and on its exposure 

 and altitude, nothing decisive can be pronounced on this head. At the 

 same time it may be concluded, that in elevated regions there will be used 

 with success, the Norway fir, the larch, and the black Austrian pine ; in 

 the regions of medium altitude, the pine, the Norway fir, the beech, and 

 the pine intermixed with the beech ; in lower regions, broad-leaved trees in 

 general, the chesnut, the green oak, the ash, and the ailanthus. 



" The method of sowing in potets seems to be the most advantageous. 

 The quantity of seed to be used is from 10 to 15 kilogrammes per hectare. 



" Spring in general is the best season for sowing, especially for resinous 

 seeds. The expense of sowing can be approximately, and in a general way, 

 reported at 100 francs per hectare — i. e., 60 francs for manual labour, 36 

 for the purchase of the seeds, 4 for unforscen expenses. 



" At the conference at Carpentras, the agents estimated, that for sowings 

 the trees to be preferred are generally the same as those pointed out for 

 planting, with the addition of the Corsican pine, the cedar, the pine of 

 Aleppo, and the shrubs intended for the preparation of certain soils, or for 

 the prevention of erosion of hill sides, such las the box-tree, Vargousder 

 I'amelanchier, the barberry, the juniper tree, etc. In L'Ardfeche, the sowings 

 of the Norway fir do not offer sufficient chances of success. 



" Sowing by handes is preferable whenever it can be employed, but it has 

 the inconvenient disadvantage of loosening the soil too much on the inclines. 

 The method of sowing in potets will be more generally employed. Com- 

 plete or full sowing is the only method possible on rocks, on ground 

 difficult of access, stony parts, and volcanic scoriaa. The quantity of seed 

 to be employed per hectare is from 7 to 10 kilogrammes for resinous trees, 

 and 3 to 6 hectolitres for the oak. Opinion was much divided on the 

 choice of season. The result appeared, however, to be generally that for 

 resinous trees, and in friable earth, spring ought to be preferred ; whilst 

 autumn appears to suit better for the oak. 



" The expense of manual labour may be estimated at 60 francs per 

 hectare for sowings par handes, at 35 francs for sowings par potets. 



" The price of seeds being approximately, on an average, 3 francs per 

 kilogrammes, the expense will be from 70 to 100 francs per hectare. 



" JRemarks, <&c., of the Administration. 



" The quantities of seed me&tioned by the agents at the conference 



