1912.) NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 287 
EXPERIMENTS WITH INVERTEBRATES (CHIEFLY INSECTS). 
Since Professor E. B. Poulton,’ the most prominent supporter 
of the theories of warning and mimicking coloration, has come to 
the conclusion, from proper data—that is, records of insects col- 
lected with naturally captured prey—that predaceous insects in 
general are enemies of the ‘“‘specially protected” groups, it is not 
necessary to review experiments relating to the food preferences of 
insects. It is worthy of note, however, that some of these experi- 
ments have often been quoted as affording support to the prevailing 
theories. Poulton’s latest conclusion is proof, therefore, that even 
the ardent believers in the experimental method admit that an 
“ounce” of proof as to natural behavior is worth a “pound” of 
experimental evidence. 
An annotated bibliography of experiments upon invertebrates is 
given for the benefit of those who may desire to consult the original 
accounts. Those entries marked with an asterisk denote experi- 
ments which were not undertaken with a view to testing protective 
adaptations. 
Bartow, Epwarp. A short note on the Food-insects of the Mantis 
Heirodula bipapilla Serv. Proc. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, December, 
1894 (1895), pp. 188-139. 
Até Musca, Lucilia, and its own species, and killed but did not eat 
the Hemiptera, Cyclopetia and Physomerus. 
Bett, THomas. The Naturalist in Nicaragua. London, 1888. 
Experiments with Heliconii. ‘‘A large species of spider (Nephila) 
. . used to drop them out of its web when I put them into it. 
Another spider that frequented flowers seemed to be fond of 
them, and I have already mentioned a wasp that caught them to 
store its nest with” (p. 317). 
Butier, A. G. Remarks upon certain Caterpillars, etc., which are 
unpalatable to their enemies. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1869, 
pp. 27-29. 
Spiders (Hreiba diadema and Lycosa) rejected larve of Abraxas 
grossulariata and Halia wauaria (p. 28). 
Empopy, G.C. [Food of fresh-water Amphipods in aquaria]. Son- 
derabdruck aus Internat. Rev. d. ges. Hydrobiologie u. Hydro- 
graphie, Biol. Suppl., III, 1911 (1912), pp. 4-6. 
Freshly killed isopods, snails, earthworms, tadpoles, and bits of 
fish, and beef were eaten, but planaria were refused. 
{Food of Hydra] p. 31. 
Young Hyalella and Eucrangonyx were eaten. 
MarsHa.t, G. A. K., and Poutton, E. B. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 
1902. 
7See Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1906, pp. 363, 364, 401, 403, and 408. 
