330 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF [June, 
“Palatable” group. 
Atella phalanta oo... ee Sages 16 6 22.7 
Elymnias undularis.. 000 eee 25 8 24.2 
Hypolimnas misippus... 2 18 1 7.1 
Nepheronia hippia....... 0... . .. 12 1 7.6 
Papilio demoleus...... Ok reptvyste toa “O09 24 25.8 
«  polites..... ; eG oo Or COO 12 17.9 
3. That the mimics of these are at any rate relatively palatable 
and that the mimicry is commonly effectual under natural condi- 
tions’’ (p. 667). 
According to the figures obtained by me, the mimics, Hypolimnas 
misippus and Nepheronia hippia were each rejected oncein thirteen and 
twelve trials, respectively, an average of about 7 per cent., or much 
under the average for the ‘‘palatable’’ group as a whole, while about 
18 per cent. of the Papilio polites and 24 per cent. of the Elymnias 
undularis were refused, fully as large a proportion as in the case of 
several members of the “nauseous” group. 
There is no more evidence for the latter half of this conclusion 
than that any other features of the experiments are analogous to 
natural conditions. 
As noted above, the experiments and conclusions of Finn are often 
quoted in support of the selectionist theories, and Finn himself in 
summing up this earlier work says: ‘‘On the whole, the theory of 
Wallace and Bates is supported by the facts detailed in this and 
former papers, so far as they deal with birds (and the one-mammal 
used)’’ (pp. 667, 668). 
It is of great interest, therefore, to note that the builder of these 
oft-sought bulwarks of the selectionists later came to the opinion 
that neither they, nor any other of the defenses brought forward, 
would save the day for the selection theories. In collaboration with 
Douglass Dewar, in a book entitled The Making of Species (1909), 
he says: ‘‘Many naturalists, especially Dr. Wallace and Prof. 
Poulton, have pushed the various theories of animal coloration to 
absurd lengths (p. 171)..... We have examined these mighty 
images of gold, and silver, and brass, and iron, and found that there 
is much clay in the feet” (p. 172) .... What we “know of the 
struggle for existence offers but poor support to the Neo-Darwinian 
explanation of the cases of the so-called mimicry in nature’” 
(p. 240). 
As a result of his experience with captive birds, Finn recommends 
that future experimenters use birds in a state of freedom, and at 
